GI: Animal Management/ Nutrition Flashcards
Regulation of hunger and saiety
Neural (from GI) and hormones (Ghrelin, Glucagon, Insulin and Leptin)
Main source of energy in absorptive state
Glucose
Main source of energy in postabsorptive state
Glycogen
Hypoglycaemia
Low blood glucose
Hyperglycaemia
High blood glucose
Lipolysis
Ketogenesis of adipose tissues to ketone bodies
Cats dietary requirements
Taurine, arachidonic acid (arginine), vit A, dietary vit D and fatty acids
Dogs dietary requirements
Vit D and fatty acids
Water intake for dogs and cats
2ml/kg/hr
What ages are dogs/cats transitioned to adult weight maintaining diet?
12m: cats/ s.dogs
15-18m: m.dogs
18-24m: l.dogs
Bitches feeding requirements in pregnancy
Increase in last trimester, small frequent meals
Queens feeding requirements in pregnancy
Ad lib, linear increases from conception
Geriatric feeding in dogs and cats (changes from adult)
Dogs: lower energy req
Cats: Lower macronutrient digestibility but higher energy requirements
Calorie content for 1g protein, fat and carb
1g protein: 3.5k cal
1g fat: 8.5k cal
1g carb: 3.5k cal
Steps of ruminant diet formulation (4)
- Voluntary feed intake
- Energy requirements
3 Protein requirements - Minerals and vitamins
Ruminant Voluntary feed intake calculations
3% of bodyweight or (2.5% bodyweight + 10% yield)
Ruminant energy requirement calculations
10% bodyweight + 5MJ per L
Ruminant protein requirement
165-175g/kg crude protein
Requirements of equine diet formulation (3)
- Dry Matter Intake (>1% of bodyweight)
- 75% (at least 50%) of DMI should be forage (high fibre)
- Fresh water
Horse water intake
40-60ml/kg/day
Intake increases 2-3hr after fibre intake
Horse macronutrient requirements
- Complex carbs (Absorbs VFAs). SImple carbs cause acidic gut syndrome
- Fats (easily absorbed due to absence of gallbladder)
- Protein (<14%, excess will cause dehydration)
Sugar beet pulp processing
- Pellets soaked for 12hr, speedibeet/flakes for 10m.
- Expands, horse has small digestive system.
Neutraceuticals
“Hollistic, chinese medicines”
Foal feeding
- Milk dependent (3-4m)
- Drinks 7-10 times/hr in first month
- 10-12 wks: <20% forage
- 6m: <30% forage
