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step 1 - pharm > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

H2 blocker MOA?

A

reversible histamine H2 receptor blocker on parietal cell –> decreased H+ secretion via H/K ATPase

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2
Q

cimetidine toxicity?

A

potent CYP450 inhibitor
antiandrogenic - increased prolactin, gynecomastia, impotence
crosses BBB (confusion, dizziness, HA) and placenta
decreases renal excretion of Cr

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3
Q

ranitidine toxicity?

A

decreases renal excretion of Cr

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4
Q

PPI toxicity?

A

increased C diff risk
PNA
long term –> decreased Mg

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5
Q

bismuth, sucralfate MOA?

A

bind to ulcer base –> physical protection and allows HCO3 secretion

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6
Q

misoprotol MOA?

A

PGE1 analog
increases production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier
decreases acid production

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7
Q

misoprostol toxicity?

A

diarrhea

abortifacient

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8
Q

octreotide toxicity?

A

nausea
cramps
steatorrhea

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9
Q

antacid toxicity?

A

absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of drugs can be affected
can delay gastric emptying
can cause hypokalemia

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10
Q

aluminum hydroxide toxicity?

A 
constipation
hypophosphatemia
prox mm weakness
osteodystrophy
sz
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11
Q

calcium carbonate toxicity?

A

hypercalcemia
rebound acid increase

** can chelate and decrease effectiveness of other drugs - tetracycline

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12
Q

magnesium ydroxide toxicity?

A

diarrhea
hyporeflexia
hypotension
cardiac arrest

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13
Q

MOA for lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy?

A

gut flora degrade into lactate and acetate –> promote excretion of nitrogen as NH4

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14
Q

sulfasalazine MOA?

A

combo of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5ASA

activated by colonic bacteria

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15
Q

sulfasalazine toxicity?

A

malaise
nausea
sulfa toxicity
reversible oligospermia

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16
Q

ondansetron MOA?

A

5HT3 antagonist
decreases vagal stim
central-acting antiemetic

17
Q

ondansetron toxicity?

A

HA
constipation
QT prolongation

18
Q

metoclopramide MOA?

A

D2 receptor antagonist
increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility

** no influence on colonic transport time

19
Q

metoclopramide toxicity?

A

increased parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia
restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, diarrhea

    • interaction with dig and diabetic agents
    • contraindicated in SBO or PD (bc of D1 blockade)
20
Q

orlistat?

A

inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase –> decreased breakdown/absorp of dietary fats
–> weight loss
SEs: steatorrhea, decreased absorption of vit ADEK

step 1 - pharm (13 decks)

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