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Integrative Week Two > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Mesenteric Ischemia

A

Pain out of proportion to exam

older person with CAD

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2
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

younger woman, sudden lower abdominal pain

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3
Q

chronic discharge and lower abd pain

A

PID

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4
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

paroxysmal, can’t sit still, hematuria

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5
Q

Volvulus

A

older person, debilitated, abd distention

massive colon on x ray

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6
Q

Diverticulitis

A

older person, LLQ pain, fever

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7
Q

Intussusception

A

1-2 year old

intermittent, jelly like stools

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8
Q

Causes of chronic pancreatitis

A

alcohol, gall stones
hypertriglyceridemia
hypercalcemia

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9
Q

Causes of acute pancreatitis

A

HCTZ, exenatide, valproic acid

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10
Q

consquences of chronic pancreatitis

A

calcifications

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11
Q

consequences of acute pancreatitis

A

pseudocysts

necrosis

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12
Q

cause of biliary colic

A

CCK, makes GB contract

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13
Q

5-HIAA

A

carcinoid

flushing

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14
Q

Zollingerr-Ellison

A

elevated gastrin

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15
Q

most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea

A

E coli

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16
Q

most common cause of food poisioning (immediate, w/ vomitting)

A

S. aureus

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17
Q

cholera

A

shellfish, watery, travel, low K

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18
Q

HIV and chronic diarrhea

A 
cryptosporidium
Giardia
isospora
cyclospora
CMV
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19
Q

chronic steatorrhea

A

celiac dz

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20
Q

Strongdyloides

A

outdoor exposure

eosinophils

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21
Q

fever, RUQ pain, palpable gallbladder

A

cholangitis

common bile duct stone

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22
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

mild jaundice
elevated LDH, reticulocyte count
perpiheral smear findings

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23
Q

Gilberts

A

asymptomatic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

deficiency of glucuronyltransferase

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24
Q

breast milk and vitamin def

A

vitamin D

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25
Q

wilson’s disease

A

low ceruloplasmin

liver disease, altered mental status, young person

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26
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

HFE genotype

diabetes, CHF, liver dz, skin or testicular findings

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27
Q

PBC

A

40ish woman, itching, liver dz
high alk phos
anti mitochondrial Abs

28
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis

A

40ish woman, jaundice
very high transaminases
anti-smooth muscle Abs, Anti-LKM

29
Q

HbsAg

anti-HBc IgM

A

Acute Hep B

30
Q

HBsAg

anti-HBc IgG

A

chronic Hep B

31
Q

Anti-HBs

anti-HBc IgG

A

recovery from hep B

32
Q

Anti-HBs

A

immunization with HBsAg

33
Q

AST/ALT ration >2

A

alcoholic hepatitis

34
Q

Crohn’s

A

transmural inflammation
skip lesions, fistulas
noncaseating granulomas

35
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

bloody diarrhea

toxic megacolon

36
Q

IBD Extraintestinal manifestations

A

sclerosing cholangitis, uveitis, arthritis, colon cancer risk
erythema nodusum
pyoderm gangrenosum

37
Q

erythema nodosum

A

red nodules on shins

38
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum

A

necrosis

purple red borders

39
Q

dysphagia with solids and liquids

vomit undigested food

A

achalasia

decreased ability of LES to relax

40
Q

psoas sign

A

resist active extension of hip

41
Q

varices - what bleeds

A

left gastric vein

azygos vein

42
Q

bleeding duodenal ulcer - cause

A

gastroduodenal artery

43
Q

Familial Adenomatous polyposis

A

100 polyps at young age

high malignant potential

44
Q

Gardner’s Syndrome

A

associated with osteomas, dental, lipomas/skin, ampullary cancers, retinal pigment hypertrophy
SMALL INTESTINE

45
Q

Nonpolyposis syndrome/Lynch

A

proximal LARGE INTESTINE

assoc. with endometrial/ovarian tumors

46
Q

Peutz-Jegher’s syndrome

A

SI, LI, stomach polyps
mucocutaneous pigmentation
ovary/breast/uterus/pancreas

47
Q

Juvenile polyposis

A

LI, SI, stomach polyps - malignancy, rare
hamartomas
congenital abnormalities

48
Q

N-acetylcystein

A

acetaminophen OD
restores glutathione as precursor
binds NAPQ1

49
Q

Budd-Chiari

A

hepatic vein obsturction

OCP, onset of ascites

50
Q

MTX AE

A

hepatic fibrosis

51
Q

Metoclopromide AE

A

tardive dyskinesia

52
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

smacking lips
tongue protrudes
limbs, tics
torticollis

53
Q

Nitrofurantoin, minocycline

A

autoimmune hepatitis

54
Q

Hirschsprung

A

don’t pass meconium

failure of neural crest migration

55
Q

Duodenal atresia

A

down syndrome
abd distention/vomitting day 1
double bubble on x ray

56
Q

Mecklet’s diverticulum

A

<10 years old

painless lower GI bleed w/o diarrhea

57
Q

Galactosemia

A

days old infant
jaudnice, HSM
e coli sepsis, low glucose, urine reducing substances

58
Q

Tracheo-esophagela fistula

A

newborn
coughing/chocking in feeds
aspiration pneumonia

59
Q

Pyloric Stenosis

A

5-6wk old infant
forceful postprandial vomitting
alkalosis, low Cl

60
Q

Vit Be/niacin def

A

dermaitis
demetnia
diarrhea

61
Q

Vit A def

A

night blindness

62
Q

excess retinol

A

teratogenic

63
Q

Vitamins that cause peripheral neuropathy

A

vitamin B1 - thiamine
vitamin B6 - pyrodixine
vitamin B12

64
Q

Vit C def

A

swollen gums
poor wound healing
bruising

65
Q

Vit K def

A

neonatal hemorrhage

66
Q

Vit D def

A

rickets

breast fed

Integrative Week Two (17 decks)

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