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Integrative Week Two > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonylureals (glyburide)

A

hypoglycemia

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2
Q

Amylin analogues (pramlintide)

A

hypoglycemia

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3
Q

Insulin

A

hypoglycemia

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4
Q

Metformin

A

lactic acidosis
don’t use in renal failure
diarrhea

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5
Q

Thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone)

A

CHF/fluid retention

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6
Q

GLP-1 analogues (exenatide)

A

pancreatitis

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7
Q

Grave’s disease

A

exophthalmos
thyroid bruit
diffuse uptake on thyroid scan

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8
Q

Thyroiditis

A

tender thyroid, post URI

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9
Q

Pituitary tumor

A

hyperthyroid

high TSH, T4, T3

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10
Q

surreptitious levothyroxine use

A

hyperthyroid
low uptake on scan
no URI

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11
Q

Placental abruption

A

vaginal bleeding

abdominal pain

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12
Q

Placenta previa

A

painless vaginal bleeding, often 30 weeks

placenta overlies internal cervical os

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13
Q

Placenta accreta

A

severe painless postpartum hemorrhage
previous C-section or previa
placenta villi on myometrium
defect in decidua basalis layer

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14
Q

Uterine Rupture

A

painful massive postpartum hemorrhage

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15
Q

Uterine atony

A

long labor, soft uterus

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16
Q

Sheehan syndrome

A

no lactation
DI after delivery
sometimes shock
per-partum pituitary hemorrhage

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17
Q

post menopausal vaginal bleeding

A

endometrial cancer until proven otherwise

need biopsy

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18
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

abdominal pain
LMP 6-8 weeks ago
UPT positive
adnexal mass

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19
Q

preeclampsia

A

severe HTN after 20 weeks gestation
proteinuira, end organ injury
w/ seizures = ecclampsia

20
Q

HELLP Syndrome

A

preeclampsia
low platelets
elevated LFTs
hemolysis

21
Q

post partum complications

A

depression
PE, cardiomyopathy
amniotic fluid embolism

22
Q

Group B strep

A

cloudy amniotic fluid

septic newborn

23
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A

low glucose
high potassium
pseudohyponatremia/low sodium

24
Q

surreptitious insulin use labs

A

low glucose
low C-peptide
high insulin

25
Q

insulinoma

A

high C peptide

26
Q

Sulfonylureas MOA

A

secretagogue

makes pancreas secrete insulin

27
Q

Metformin MOA

A

reduce hepatic glucose production

28
Q

TZB MOA

A

decrease insulin resistance

29
Q

Acarbose MOA

A

reduce glucose absorption

but flatulence

30
Q

Lithium

A

diabetes insipidus

31
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

high sodium
low urine osm (50-100)
lots of urine output

32
Q

causes of high sodium

A

DI

dehydration

33
Q

olanzapine

A

antipsychotic

associated with development of diabetes

34
Q

elevated T3, T4, TSH

A

pituitary tumor producing TSH

35
Q

drugs that can cause high WBC

A

PTU

sulfa drugs

36
Q

hypothyroidism labs

A

low T3, T4

high TSH

37
Q

Low T3, T4, TSH

A

hypopituitarism

euthyroid sick syndrome

38
Q

Chvotsek sign

A

hypocalcemia

destruction of parathyroid glands

39
Q

multiple myeloma mechanism

A

osteoclast activation by cytokines

40
Q

prostate cancer mechanism

A

osteolytic bone involement by tumor

41
Q

Addison’s disease

A

skin pigmentation - high ACTH
orthostatic changes in BP - loss of cortisol, aldosterone
low Na
high K

42
Q

Adrenal Adenoma

A

low or high dose dexamethasone doesn’t suppress cortisol

43
Q

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

21-hydroxylase

44
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

high bp
low K, high bicarb, normal Na
increased thirst

45
Q

SIADH

A

low Na
euvolemic
high urine osmolarity

46
Q

Central Pontine myelinolysis

A

rapid correction of low Na

dysarthria, dysphagia, paraparesis

47
Q

cocaine

A

placental abruption

Integrative Week Two (17 decks)

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