GHS System Flashcards
According to GHS what is a gaseous substance?
at 50C has vapor pressure greater than 300kPa or is completely gaseous at 20C and standard pressure of 101.3kPa
According to GHS what is a liquid?
substance or mixture that is NOT a gas and which has melting point or initial melting point of 20C or less at 101.3kPa standard pressure
According to GHS what is a solid?
substance or mixture that does NOT meet the definitions of a liquid or a gas
What are the 16 GHS physical hazards?
Explosives
flammable gases
flammable aerosols
oxidizing gases
gases under pressure
flammable liquids
flammable solids
self-reactive substances
pyrophoric liquids
pyrophoric solids
self-heating substances
substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases
oxidizing liquids
oxidizing solids
organic peroxides
corrosive to metals
What are GHS explosives?
Explosive substance or mixture is solid or liquied which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed to cause damage to sorroundings
pyrotechnic substances are included even when they do not evolve gases
what are pyrotechnic substances?
dsigned to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or combination as result of non-detonative, self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions
What are flammable gases?
gas having a flammable range in air at 20C and standard pressure of 101.3kPa
What are flammable aerosols?
Aerosols are any gas compressed, liquified, or dissolved under pressure within a non-refillable container made of metal, glass or plastic with or without liquid, paste or powder
container fitted with release device allowing contents to be ejected as solid or liquid particles in suspension in a gas, as a foam, paste or powder or in a liquid or gaseous state
aerosols considered flammable if they contain any component classified as flammable according to GHS criteria for flammable liquids, flammable gases, flammable solids
What are oxidizing gases?
any gas which may generally by providing oxygen, cause or contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does
by providing oxygen, they cause or contribute to combustion of other material
What are flammable liquids?
liquid having a flash point of not more than 93C
What are flammable solids?
solids that are readily combustible, or may cause or contribute to fire through friction
readily combustible solids are powdereed, granular, or pasty wich are dangerous if they can be easily ignited by brief contact with ignition source and if flame spreads rapidly
What are self-reactive substances?
Thermally unstable liquids, or solids liable to undergo a strongly exothermic thermal decomposition even without participation of oxygen (air)
excludes materials classified as explosive, organic peroxides or as oxidizing
What are pyrophoric liquids?
liquid even in small quantities, liable to ignite within five minutes after coming into contact with air
What are pyrophoric solids?
solid, even in small quantities, that is liable to ignite within 5 minutes after coming into contact with air
What are self-heating substances?
solid or liquid, other than a pyrophoric substance, which be reaction with air, and without energy supply, is liable to self-heat
differs from pyrophoric substance in that it will only ignite when in large amounts (kilograms) and after long periods of time (hours or days)
What does substance which on contact with water emit flammable gases mean?
in contat with water, emit flammable gases are solids or liquids which by interaction with water are liable to become spontaneously flammable or give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities
What are oxidizing liquids?
liquid which, while in itself is not necessarily combustible, may generally by yielding oxygen, cuase or contribute to combustion of other material
What are oxidizing solids?
generally by yielding oxygen, cause or contribute to combustion of other material
not necessarily combustible by itself
What are organic peroxides?
liquid or solid, which contains bivalent -O-O- structure and considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals
may be:
liable to explosive decomposition
burn rapidly
sensitive to impact or friction
react dangerously with other substances
What are substances corrosive to metal?
substance or mixture that by chemical action will materially damage or even destroy metals
List the 10 health hazard classifications by GHS
acute toxicity
skin corrosion/irritant
serious eye damage/eye irritant
respiratory or skin sensitization
germ cell mutagenicity
carcinogenicity
reproductive toxicology
target organ systemic toxicity- single exposure
target organ systemic toxicity- repeated exposure
aspiration toxicity
What does skin corrosion health hazard mean?
production of irreversible damage to skin following application of test substance for up to 4 hours
What does serious eye damage classification mean?
tissue damage in the eye, or serious physical decay of vision following application of test substance to front surface of eye which is NOT fully reversible within 21 days of application
What does skin irritation hazard class mean?
production of REVERSIBLE damage to skin following application of test substance for up to 4 hours
What does eye irritation mean?
changes in eye following applicaiton of test substance to front surface of eye, which are fully reversible within 21 days of application
What is a respiratory sensitizer classification?
substance that induces hypersensitivity of the airways following inhalation
What is a skin sensitizer classification?
substance will induce an allergic response following skin contact
What does germ cell mutagenicity mean?
increased occurence of mutations in populations of cells and or organisms
What does carcinogenicity mean?
chemical substance or mixture of chemical substances which induce cancer or increase incidence
What does reproductive toxicity mean?
adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in adult males and females
developmental toxicity in offspring
What is target organ systemic toxicity (TOST) single exposure & repeated exposure?
all significant health effects not otherwise specifically included in GHS that can impair function, both reversible and irreversible, immediate or delayed are included in the non-lethal target organ/sysemic toxiity class (TOST)
narcotic effects and respiratory tract irritation are considered to be target organ systemic effects following a single exposure
What is an aspiration hazard?
servere acute effects such as chemical pneumonia, varying degrees of pulmonary injury or death following aspiration
aspiration is entry of liquid or solid directly through the oral or nasal cavity, or indirectly from vomitting into the trachea and lower respiratory system
What is acute aquatic toxicity?
cause injury to an aquatic organism in short-term exposure
What is chronic aquatic toxicity?
potential or actual properties of a material cause adverse effects to aquatic organisms during exposures that are determined in relation to the lifecycle of the organism
