Germany Flashcards
What is alleinbesitz and what kind of wine does it produce?
Alleinbesitz is the German word for monopole
What’s the Steinberg vineyard famous for?
Centrepiece of the monks original viticulture in Germany. Based in the commune of Hattenheim and owned as a monopole of Kloster Eberbach for over 8 centuries
What is einzellagen?
Einzellagen is a single German vineyard site of a minimum of 5ha. This reduced the number of vineyards from 26000-30000 to
What are the vineyards that are the exception to the minimum size requirement of Germany?
4 vineyards
- Doctor vineyard in Bernkastel
- Kirchenstück in forst
- Freundstück in Forst
- Schloss Vollrad in Rheingau(MP Schloss Vollrad)
What is the estate of Schloss Johannisberg accredited with discovering?
Wine styles now famous in the country discovered by almost accident
- 1775 discovery of Spatlese harvesting dates and that noble rot affected grapes can make great wines
- 1787 introduction of the Auslese category
- 1858 first Eiswein
What is edelfäule and what kind of wine does it produce?
Edelfäule is the German word for noble rot.
What was the term in the English market for German wine in the 19th century?
Hock
What is the Geisenheim wine institute and what is its role?
The original German institute for things relating to wine. Established in the 1872 it was responsible for research and creation of grape crossings that could ripen in the harsh climate of germany. Successes include:
•Muller-Thurgau - Riesling X Madeleine Royale -Germany’s most planted grape for a long time
- Ehrenfelser
- Kerner
- Bacchus
- Faber
- Scheurebe - Riesling X Bukettrebe - shows real quality potential
- Dornfelder - Helfensteiner X Heroldrebe - 1956 - currently second most planted red in Germany
What is Liebfraumilch and what kind of wines does it produce?
Liebfraumilch is a producer in Germany who produced a sweet, cheep, characterless wine made from mainly Muller Thurgau (wine cannot carry varietal label) in the 1980s in Germany. At its peak over 60% of all German export wine had liebfraumilch on its label.
While commercially successful in a post war and depression Germany. It ruined the public perception of German wine.
What percentage of varietal must be in a German varietal labeled bottle?
85%
What is Weissherbst and what kind of wine does it produce?
Weissherbst is a German saignée rose that is made from a single varietal and is at least QbA quality.
What are the German names for the varietals
- Pinot Gris
- Pinot Blanc
- Pinot Noir
- Pinot Meunier
- PG - Grauburgunder
- PB - Weissburgunder
- PN - Spatburgunder
- PM - Schwarzriesling
What is anbaugebiete?
Anbaugebiete is the German term for one of their 13 quality wine regions
What is Amtliche Prüfungsnummer (AP number)
AP Number is a series of 5 numbers that all Prädikatswiens must carry. In the series the numbers correspond to-
1-region where the bottle was tested 2-commune that the wine was bottled 3-the bottlers code 4-unique code for the bottling 5-2 numbers to indicate the year the appellation was filed
What is the Ochsle range?
Ochsle range is the difference in weight between a Lt of water and Lt of grape juice. The more sugar the more difference in weight.
This system is used in Germany to determine pradikat levels.
Kabinett is at a range of 70-85 degrees
TBA is 150-154
What are the 4 over arching levels of German quality?
From top to bottom
Pradikatswein
Qualitätswein
Landwein
Wein/ Deutscher Wein
What is the difference between Deutscher Wien and Wien?
Deutscher Wien is 100% German grapes while Wien may include grapes from other countries but they must be listed on the label
Wha are the 2 styles of landwein and what regions can they come from?
Trocken and Halbtrocken(half dry)
Must originate from one of the 26 broad regions of Germany.
When was German wine law established?
1971
When was the VDP established?
1910 as the Verband Deutscher Naturwienversteigerer. A group established to promote unchaptalized natur wines principally through wine auctions.
The modern VDP was reformed after German wine law abolished the term natur and reassess the category QbA where chaptalized wine was legal. The group promotes superior standards while respecting German wine law.
Symbol - Eagle carrying a bunch of grapes
What is Charta and what kind of wine does it produce?
Charta is a German wine organisation formed in 1984 to advance classic dry Rheingau Riesling. This was the first group to try and promote a dry style of wine in a sugar fuelled system. While this group was not as successful as hoped. It has mostly integrated with the VDP.
Symbol - 3 Roman arches
What is special about the VDP einzellagen vs the German wine law einzellagen?
Einzellagens of the VDP are a more restrictive classification. The VDPs regions reflect the classic pre 1971 sites
Examples:
Mosel - Saarburger Rausch- 16 ha under German law, 8ha of EL under VDP
Rheingau - Rudesheimer berg roseneck- 26ha by German law, 6.9ha of EL under VDP
What is the VDP levels of site quality and when was their major change?
4 tiered levels
Grosse Lage - big site - Grand Cru
Erste Lage - first site - Premier Cru
Ortswien - village wine
Gutswein - regional wine
Before 2012 there was no Grosse Lage. Only Erste lage but a push to reflect the Burgundian model led to the promotion of the current erste Lage to Grosse Lage
What is GG and what kind of wine does it make?
GG or Grosses Gewächs are dry wines of the VDP of Grosse Lage quality. There may only be one of dry wine produced from each top site.
Wines must be less than 9g/L sugar
White wines may not be released before September 1st following the harvest.
Reds must age an additional year
Erste Lage and under wines must be labeled as trocken
What is the term in the VDP that is optional for each region?
Erste lage after the 2012 vintage changes is an opt in system.
Pfalz VDP - has rebranded many top sites as the new premier cru classification
Rheinhessen VDP - unlikely to adopt Erste lage level at all
What is the minimum must weight of Grosse Lage wines?
Equivalent to spatlese
In the Rheingau what is the possible alternative for a dry wine to be labeled as other than GG?
The term Erste Gewachs May be used to indicate high quality dry Riesling in the Rheingau. This term is a trademarked term by Charta that is legal under German wine law and may be spelled out in full.
What is Ortswein and what kind of wine does it make?
Ortswein is the VDP tier reflecting Village wines.
The fruit may be sourced from multiple vineyard sites in a single village using typical grapes of the area.
What is Gutwein and what kind of wine does it produce?
Gutwein is the VDP equivalent of regional wine. It is wine made from grapes from within an estates holdings within a single anbaugebiet
Who created the classic/selection German wine terms and when?
In 2000 the German wine institute of Mainz
Define the differences between German classic and selection wines in German wine law?
Classic - “Harmoniously sweet” •single varietal •non site specific •12% min alc (11.5 in Mosel) •Max 15g/L sugar
Selection - “Superior dry”
•single wine from single vineyard
•must weight equal to Auslese
•hand harvested
Both may not be released before September 1st after vintage and both terms are legally recognised by the German wine law
What is the former name for the Mosel?
Mosel-Saar-Ruwer until 2007
What is the famous style of Mosel Rieslings?
Pure, light, low alcohol. Most famous for Kabinett that are starbright, green apple, slate and candle wax.
What are the famous soils of Mosel?
The dark blue Devonian slate. Dense and fantastic at retaining heat. This combined with the reflection of the river and the extreme steep slopes are the keys to ripening grapes in the Mosel.
Red slate characterizes the vineyards near Erden in the northern Mittelmosel
What is goldkapsel and what kind of wine does it produce?
Goldkapsel is a German (almost exclusively Mosel) term for producers using a Gold capsule (foil around cork) to indicate additional sweetness due to higher must weight. This is most common on Auslese bottlings.
Lange goldkapsel is a longer gold cap to indicate even higher sugar.
This was bought in to side steep German 1971 wine law which eliminate the additional qualifications of pradikat levels such as feine and hochfeine.
Where does the Mosel river start and finish?
It starts in the Vosges Mountains and ends when it meets the Rhine river.
What are the 2 Tributary rivers to the Mosel?
The Saar and Ruwer
What are the Bereiche of the Mosel?
6 bereiche (areas) north to south Burg cochem Bernkastel Ruwertal Saar Obermosel Moseltor
What is bereiche?
Area in German