geriatrics Flashcards
1
Q
parkinson’s disease
A
- chronic neurological disease (mostly men)
- inhibits dopamine production
- temors/loss of balance/falling/slowing movements
2
Q
alzheimer’s
A
- most common form of dementia
- early onset (before 65)
- late onset (after 65)
- familial (inherited)
3
Q
arthritis
A
- inflammation within join (pain/swelling/redness/stiffness)
- more women affected
- obesity + environment are risks
4
Q
initial screening observations of geriatric patient
A
- stature + gait
- skin
- odors
- weight
- mental status
5
Q
arthroscopy
A
- lighted scope inserted into a join to inspect the inside of it
6
Q
electromyography
A
- needle electrodes placed into skeletal muscles
- records/measures nerve impulses
7
Q
bone scan
A
- visualizes IV-injected radioactive substance in bones/joints
- detects/evaluates arthritis/bone cancer
8
Q
strain vs. sprain
A
- sprain is trauma to ligaments/tendons/muscles (needs RICE)
- strain is caused by excessive use or overexertion
9
Q
dislocation
A
- temporary displacement of a bone from its usual joint position
10
Q
fracture
A
- break in a bone
- requires reduction (realign bones) ASAP
- ex. closed (no incision) or open (screws/rods) reduction
- apply ice immediately
11
Q
splints/casts
A
- support/protect broken bone during its healing process post-reduction
- cast: hard plaster placed over soft cotton layer
- splint: stiff device to support/immobilize injured part (ex. finger splint)
12
Q
cryotherapy
A
- apply dry/moist cold to the body’s affected area to constrict blood vessels (produces involuntary muscle contraction) + reduces pain/swelling
13
Q
thermotherapy
A
- apply dry/moist heat to promote healing + restore function by increasing vasodilation/circulation
14
Q
ambulation
A
- ability to walk/move freely
- ambulatory assistive devices (ex. crutches/wheelchair/cane/walker)
