Geriatrics Flashcards
which part of the BP is usually elevated for the elderly?
Systolic component
what can cause postural hypotension in the elderly?
Dehydration
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Polypharmacy
Does respiration rate typically change in the elderly?
No, usually remains unchanged
What three things you must rule out when you see actinic purpura?
Abuse (bruises)
Hemoglobinopathies
Anticoagulants
Which is cancerous- actinic purpura or actinic keratoses?
Actinic keratoses
What is actinic keratoses a precursor for?
Squamous cell CA
What is inability to hear in the upper ranges with age?
Presbycussis
What could a pulsating mass in the neck be?
The aorta (gets a little torturous)
What are the 2 most common murmurs in elderly?
Aortic stenosis
mitral valvue regurgitation
What may an S3 indicate?
Volume overload LV
What might be the only sign of hyperthyroidism in elderly?
Elevated temperature
what is sarcopenia?
Loss of muscle mass/ strength
What are the three positions for the Rhomberg 3?
Feet together
Feet 1/2 tandem
feet full tandem
What is presbyopia?
Near sightedness
What is a secondary infection related to angular cheilitis?
Candida
What type of skin tumor has telangiectatic vessels visible?
Basal cell carcinoma
What type of spot on the fundi is a sign of macular degeneration?
drusen
What are the two types of macular degeneration?
dry atrophic (more common, less severe) wet exudative (neovascular)
What suggests glaucoma?
increased cup-to-disc ratio
How is CO maintained?
Increased SV even with decreased heart rate
Why is there atypical presentations of common complaints in the abdomen?
blunting
What is the chair-rise test?
To assess quad strength: rise from chair without using hands; allow 2-3 attempts
Delirium
Rapid functional change in mental status that fluctuates within minutes to hours (acute infection, post-op, withdrawal)
What is Age-related decline?
sporadic; difficulty with names, mild forgetfulness, or reduced concentration, affects function
What is MCI?
memory impaired with no cognitive deficits or functional decline
Alzheimer’s
progressive global deterioration: multiple domains; short term memory, language, executive function, sequential tasks (repeat questions, lose objects, become lost in familiar surroundings, aphasia, apraxia)
Mini-cog
1: 3 word recall
2: draw simple clock to specific time
3: recall the words in step 1
On the mini-cog exam what score is demented?
0: no words recalled
1-2 words recalled with abnormal clock
On mini-cog exam what score is non-demented?
1-2 words recalled with normal clock
recall all 3 words
