Breast Flashcards
What is a risk assessment tool that calculates invasive CA risk in the next 5 years and overall risk? Focussed on first degree relatives
Gail model
What risk assessment tool incorporates 1st and 2nd degree male and female relatives and family members w/ ovarian CA. No personal/ lifestyle risks.
Claus model
What is a model that is given for high risk women in a given family? It maps out mutation frequencies, penetration/ affected carriers. Age of onset: 1st and 2nd degree male and female relatives
RBCAPRO model
What is the primary node that drains the area from around the breast? This is usually tested during a mastectomy.
Sentinel node
When is the ideal time for the BSE to be performed?
5-7 days after onset on menses
When is nipple discharge considered abnormal?
If occurs >6 months after cessation of breast feeding
How often should a CBE be done for women 20-39?
Every 1-3 years
How often should CBE be done for women over 40?
Annually
When should mammograms be done according to ACOG, AMA, and ACS?
Annually >40 years old
When does USPSTF believe mammography should be given?
every 2 years from 50-74 y/o
ER positive cancer means what?
Estrogen receptor positive
According to ACS when should a women get a MRI?
Known lifetime risk >20%
BRCA mutation (or 1st degree relative with)
Chest radiation (ages 10-20)
patient with 1st degree relative has high risk genetic cancer
Known risk 15-20%
Breast CA, LCIS< DCIS atypical hyperplasia
Dense/ uneven breasts
A women who had ER positive cancer can use this drug for chemoprevention in post cancer.
SERMs
What are two types of SERMs?
Thamoxifen
Raloxifene
What are some side effects of SERMs?
Endometrial Ca
thromboembolic events
Cataracts
What SERM is for post-menopausal women and has less side effects?
Raloxifene
What’s the first question to ask?
Do you have any breast concerns/ issues today?
Green nipple discharge can indicate what?
Fibrocystic changes
Are breast cancers usually tender or non-tender?
Non-tender
What shape is not reassuring in a breast exam?
Irregular
Is it better for a mass to move or fixed?
Move
What consistency indicates a non-cancerous mass?
Smooth, rubbery,
What is usually found in pre menopausal women, well defined, round, mobile. No skin retraction. Non-proliferative
Cyst
What is a discrete, round, firm, mobile & nontender, solitary. No skin retraction, reproductive years usually.
Fibroadenoma
What are 3 types of proliferative lesions without atypia?
- intraductal papillomas
- epithelial hyperplasia
- sclerosing adenosis
What are the 2 types of proliferative lesions with atypia?
LCIS
DCIS
This type mass is very mobile, well delineated, may be soft or firm, is round, disclike or lobular and is usually found in young adults.
Fibroadenoma
This type of breast mass are round and soft to firm, usually elastic. They are well delineated and mobile and often tender. Usually found in women 30-50.
Breast cyst
This breast is most commonly found in women over 50. Has an irregular or stellate shape and is firm or hard. Not clearly delineated and may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues. Retraction may be present.
Cancer
Which type breast cyst is often tender?
Cyst
What does edema of the skin of the brast indicate?What is a name for this
Produced by a lymphatic blockade
Called peau d’orange sign
What type of brast cancer starts as a scaly eczemalike lesion that may weep, crust, or erode. Breast mass may be present. Suspect this with any persisting dermatitis of the nipple and areola.
Paget’s Disease of the Nipple
What does spontaneous unilateral bloody discharge from one or two ducts of the nipple suggest?
Intraductal papilloma
Ductal carcinoma in situ
Paget’s disease of the breast
What is nonpuerperal galactorrhea?
Milky discharge unrelated to a prior pregnancy.
What are SERMs?
Selective estrogen receptor modulators
What are 2 SERMs?
Tamoxifen and raloxifene
Who is raloxifene approved for?
Post menopausal women
When is the best time to do a clinical breast exam?
5 to 7 days after the onset of menses
This arises from an imbalance of estrogens and androgens in males sometimes drug related.
Gynecomastia
What is the name for a sweat gland infection?
Hidradenitis syuppurativa
