Geology Flashcards
What is geology?
Geology is the study of earth’s history as revealed by the rocks that make up the earth.
What are strata?
Strata are the distinct layers found in rock and soil.
What is catastrophism?
Catastrophism is the view that most of earth’s geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes.
What is uniformitarianism?
Uniformitarianism is the view that most of the earth’s geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or billions of years.
What is humus?
Humus is the decayed remains of once-living creatures.
What is sedimentary rock?
Sedimentary rock is rock formed from sediments that are laid down by water or some other agent.
What is igneous rock?
Igneous rock is rock formed from molten rock that cools and solidifies.
What is metamorphic rock?
Metamorphic rock is rock formed when either sedimentary or igneous rock undergoes a change due to extreme heat and pressure.
What are minerals?
Minerals are inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth.
What is weathering?
Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down to form sediments.
What is erosion?
The process by which rock and soil are broken down and carried away.
What are stalactites?
Stalactites are deposits that start from the ceiling and form icicle-like structures hanging down.
What are stalagmites?
Stalagmites are deposits that start from the ground and form a structure that rises up.
What is a column?
A column is the meeting of a stalactite and stalagmite.
What is an unconformity?
An unconformity is a surface of erosion that separates one layer of rock from another.
