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Geography > GEO__GP3_ Dec 2_Saltwater Systems > Flashcards

GEO__GP3_ Dec 2_Saltwater Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

continental shelf

A

Begins at the shoreline and ends where the slope of the ground increases.

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1
Q

The mass movement of the ocean water due to the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. Each day they change the sea surface height all over the world.

A

tides

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2
Q

tsunamis

A

Very large waves that form from a sudden large release of energy in the ocean

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2
Q

Where the ground is steeply sloped going into the deep ocean.

A

continental slope

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3
Q

Surface currents

A

Stream like movements of water that occur at or near the surface of the ocean

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3
Q

The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the rotation of the earth

A

The Coriolis Effect

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4
Q

Stream like movements of water that occur at or near the surface of the ocean

A

Surface currents

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5
Q

Some shorelines experience two almost equal high tides and low tides each day called ______ ______.

A

semi-diurnal tide

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6
Q

upwelling

A

When cold nutrient-rich water rises to the surface and replaces warm surface water

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6
Q

intertidal zone

A

The _____ ______ is located between the limits of the high and low tide. Organisms that live here must be able to withstand changes in water cover, temperature, salinity and wave energy.

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7
Q

mixed tide

A

Some shorelines experience two uneven high tides and low tides each day called _______ ______

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7
Q

intertidal; sublittoral; bathyal; abyssal; hadal

A

The benthic environment is divided into 5 zones: the ____ zone, the ________ zone, the ________ zone, the ______ zone, and the _______ zone.

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7
Q

The vertical difference between sea surface height during high and low tide

A

tidal range

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7
Q

At the bottom of the ocean is the _____ ____, a large flat area covered with sediment.

A

abyssal plain

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8
Q

flooding; droughts; fisheries

A

El Nino affects the climate of many parts of the world. It can cause ______, _______ and reduce the productivity of __________.

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8
Q

diurnal tide

A

Some shorelines experience only one high and one low tide each day called _______ _______.

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9
Q

ocean trenches

A

Form where one plate is subducting beneath another plate.

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10
Q

winds that blow across the entire Earth

A

global winds

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10
Q

When cold nutrient-rich water rises to the surface and replaces warm surface water

A

upwelling

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10
Q

El Nino affects the climate of many parts of the world. It can cause ______, _______ and reduce the productivity of __________.

A

flooding; droughts; fisheries

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12
Q

The amount of salt dissolved in water

A

salinity

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13
Q

tides

A

The mass movement of the ocean water due to the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. Each day they change the sea surface height all over the world.

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14
Q

benthic environment; benthos, benthic

A

The _______ ______ includes the ocean floor and all the organisms that live on or in it. These organisms are called _____ or _____ organisms.

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15
Q

Continental deflection

A

When surface currents hit the continents they change direction

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17
Q

semi-diurnal tide

A

Some shorelines experience two almost equal high tides and low tides each day called ______ ______.

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17
Q

The _______ ______ includes the ocean floor and all the organisms that live on or in it. These organisms are called _____ or _____ organisms.

A

benthic environment; benthos, benthic

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18
Q

salinity

A

The amount of salt dissolved in water

19
Q

The ocean can be separated into two environments, the ______ environment and the ______ environment.

A

benthic; pelagic

21
Q

deep currents

A

Stream-like movements of water far beneath the surface

22
Q

spring tides

A

These occur when the sun and moon are aligned. During this event, the coastline experiences the maximum tidal range.

23
Q

An _______ ______ is the movement of energy through water. Most are caused by wind

A

ocean wave

24
Q

Some shorelines experience only one high and one low tide each day called _______ _______.

A

diurnal tide

25
Q

mid-ocean-ridge

A

Where tow tectonic plates meet and pull apart from each other a ______ ____ is formed. Here magma creates sea floor.

27
Q

located at the base of the continental slope where sediment builds.

A

continental rise

28
Q

seamounts

A

Underwater volcanoes form __________ which become volcanic islands if they grow above the surface of the water.

29
Q

El Nino

A

Every 2-12 years the trade winds weaken and reduce the amount of upwelling that occurs along the Western coast of South America. The normally cold and nutritious water is replaced with warm surface water. This phenomena is called _________.

30
Q

continental rise

A

located at the base of the continental slope where sediment builds.

32
Q

Stream-like movements of water far beneath the surface

A

deep currents

33
Q

_____ is the height of the wave. The stronger the ocean wave the higher this is.

A

amplitude

34
Q

current

A

Air or water moving in a direction

35
Q

ocean wave

A

An _______ ______ is the movement of energy through water. Most are caused by wind

36
Q

tidal range

A

The vertical difference between sea surface height during high and low tide

38
Q

Underwater volcanoes form __________ which become volcanic islands if they grow above the surface of the water.

A

seamounts

39
Q

Where tow tectonic plates meet and pull apart from each other a ______ ____ is formed. Here magma creates sea floor.

A

mid-ocean-ridge

41
Q

Every 2-12 years the trade winds weaken and reduce the amount of upwelling that occurs along the Western coast of South America. The normally cold and nutritious water is replaced with warm surface water. This phenomena is called _________.

A

El Nino

42
Q

The ________ _______ is located between low tide and the end of the continental shelf. This zone is full of sunlight and contains relatively warm water.

A

sublittoral zone

44
Q

These occur when the sun and moon are aligned. During this event, the coastline experiences the maximum tidal range.

A

spring tides

45
Q

Form where one plate is subducting beneath another plate.

A

ocean trenches

46
Q

Air or water moving in a direction

A

current

47
Q

thermocline

A

The region beneath the water where the temperature drops

48
Q

global winds

A

winds that blow across the entire Earth

49
Q

abyssal plain

A

At the bottom of the ocean is the _____ ____, a large flat area covered with sediment.

50
Q

sublittoral zone

A

The ________ _______ is located between low tide and the end of the continental shelf. This zone is full of sunlight and contains relatively warm water.

51
Q

Begins at the shoreline and ends where the slope of the ground increases.

A

continental shelf

52
Q

Some shorelines experience two uneven high tides and low tides each day called _______ ______

A

mixed tide

54
Q

The Coriolis Effect

A

The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the rotation of the earth

54
Q

The _____ ______ is located between the limits of the high and low tide. Organisms that live here must be able to withstand changes in water cover, temperature, salinity and wave energy.

A

intertidal zone

55
Q

amplitude

A

_____ is the height of the wave. The stronger the ocean wave the higher this is.

56
Q

neap tides

A

These occur when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle with the Earth. During this event, the tidal range is smallest.

58
Q

These occur when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle with the Earth. During this event, the tidal range is smallest.

A

neap tides

60
Q

Very large waves that form from a sudden large release of energy in the ocean

A

tsunamis

62
Q

The benthic environment is divided into 5 zones: the ____ zone, the ________ zone, the ________ zone, the ______ zone, and the _______ zone.

A

intertidal; sublittoral; bathyal; abyssal; hadal

63
Q

When surface currents hit the continents they change direction

A

Continental deflection

64
Q

benthic; pelagic

A

The ocean can be separated into two environments, the ______ environment and the ______ environment.

65
Q

The region beneath the water where the temperature drops

A

thermocline

66
Q

continental slope

A

Where the ground is steeply sloped going into the deep ocean.

Geography (20 decks)

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