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Geography > GEO__GP3_ Dec 16_Saltwater Systems > Flashcards

GEO__GP3_ Dec 16_Saltwater Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

Continental deflection

A

When surface currents hit the continents they change direction

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2
Q

benthic; pelagic

A

The ocean can be separated into two environments, the ______ environment and the ______ environment.

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2
Q

Very large waves that form from a sudden large release of energy in the ocean

A

tsunamis

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3
Q

neap tides

A

These occur when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle with the Earth. During this event, the tidal range is smallest.

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3
Q

The vertical difference between sea surface height during high and low tide

A

tidal range

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3
Q

Where the ground is steeply sloped going into the deep ocean.

A

continental slope

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4
Q

amplitude

A

_____ is the height of the wave. The stronger the ocean wave the higher this is.

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5
Q

continental rise

A

located at the base of the continental slope where sediment builds.

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5
Q

Air or water moving in a direction

A

current

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5
Q

Where tow tectonic plates meet and pull apart from each other a ______ ____ is formed. Here magma creates sea floor.

A

mid-ocean-ridge

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6
Q

abyssal plain

A

At the bottom of the ocean is the _____ ____, a large flat area covered with sediment.

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7
Q

tidal range

A

The vertical difference between sea surface height during high and low tide

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8
Q

nerritic zone

A

the water over the continetnal shelf and contains most marine life. Here the environment is warm and sunlit.

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9
Q

benthic environment; benthos, benthic

A

The _______ ______ includes the ocean floor and all the organisms that live on or in it. These organisms are called _____ or _____ organisms.

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10
Q

Stream-like movements of water far beneath the surface

A

deep currents

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11
Q

The amount of salt dissolved in water

A

salinity

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11
Q

all the water in the ocean not over a continental shelf. The water here is colder and darker.

A

oceanic zone

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12
Q

The ocean can be separated into two environments, the ______ environment and the ______ environment.

A

benthic; pelagic

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13
Q

upwelling

A

When cold nutrient-rich water rises to the surface and replaces warm surface water

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13
Q

The _______ ______ includes the ocean floor and all the organisms that live on or in it. These organisms are called _____ or _____ organisms.

A

benthic environment; benthos, benthic

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14
Q

oceanic zone

A

all the water in the ocean not over a continental shelf. The water here is colder and darker.

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15
Q

intertidal zone

A

The _____ ______ is located between the limits of the high and low tide. Organisms that live here must be able to withstand changes in water cover, temperature, salinity and wave energy.

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15
Q

the water over the continetnal shelf and contains most marine life. Here the environment is warm and sunlit.

A

nerritic zone

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16
Q

ocean wave

A

An _______ ______ is the movement of energy through water. Most are caused by wind

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17
Q

tsunamis

A

Very large waves that form from a sudden large release of energy in the ocean

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18
Q

Surface currents

A

Stream like movements of water that occur at or near the surface of the ocean

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19
Q

When cold nutrient-rich water rises to the surface and replaces warm surface water

A

upwelling

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20
Q

ocean trenches

A

Form where one plate is subducting beneath another plate.

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21
Q

The region beneath the water where the temperature drops

A

thermocline

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23
Q

These occur when the sun and moon are aligned. During this event, the coastline experiences the maximum tidal range.

A

spring tides

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24
Q

located at the base of the continental slope where sediment builds.

A

continental rise

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25
Q

Begins at the shoreline and ends where the slope of the ground increases.

A

continental shelf

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26
Q

animal like plankton

A

zooplankton

27
Q

At the bottom of the ocean is the _____ ____, a large flat area covered with sediment.

A

abyssal plain

28
Q

zooplankton

A

animal like plankton

28
Q

El Nino affects the climate of many parts of the world. It can cause ______, _______ and reduce the productivity of __________.

A

flooding; droughts; fisheries

28
Q

The benthic environment is divided into 5 zones: the ____ zone, the ________ zone, the ________ zone, the ______ zone, and the _______ zone.

A

intertidal; sublittoral; bathyal; abyssal; hadal

29
Q

These occur when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle with the Earth. During this event, the tidal range is smallest.

A

neap tides

31
Q

Some shorelines experience two almost equal high tides and low tides each day called ______ ______.

A

semi-diurnal tide

32
Q

mid-ocean-ridge

A

Where tow tectonic plates meet and pull apart from each other a ______ ____ is formed. Here magma creates sea floor.

33
Q

continental slope

A

Where the ground is steeply sloped going into the deep ocean.

34
Q

El Nino

A

Every 2-12 years the trade winds weaken and reduce the amount of upwelling that occurs along the Western coast of South America. The normally cold and nutritious water is replaced with warm surface water. This phenomena is called _________.

35
Q

phytoplankton

A

plantlike plankton and photosynthesize.

37
Q

The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the rotation of the earth

A

The Coriolis Effect

38
Q

current

A

Air or water moving in a direction

40
Q

Some shorelines experience only one high and one low tide each day called _______ _______.

A

diurnal tide

42
Q

winds that blow across the entire Earth

A

global winds

44
Q

deep currents

A

Stream-like movements of water far beneath the surface

45
Q

intertidal; sublittoral; bathyal; abyssal; hadal

A

The benthic environment is divided into 5 zones: the ____ zone, the ________ zone, the ________ zone, the ______ zone, and the _______ zone.

46
Q

When surface currents hit the continents they change direction

A

Continental deflection

48
Q

Some shorelines experience two uneven high tides and low tides each day called _______ ______

A

mixed tide

49
Q

thermocline

A

The region beneath the water where the temperature drops

50
Q

semi-diurnal tide

A

Some shorelines experience two almost equal high tides and low tides each day called ______ ______.

51
Q

plankton

A

Organisms that cannon swim against the currents; so they float in the water column.

52
Q

The ________ _______ is located between low tide and the end of the continental shelf. This zone is full of sunlight and contains relatively warm water.

A

sublittoral zone

53
Q

Form where one plate is subducting beneath another plate.

A

ocean trenches

55
Q

Stream like movements of water that occur at or near the surface of the ocean

A

Surface currents

56
Q

Every 2-12 years the trade winds weaken and reduce the amount of upwelling that occurs along the Western coast of South America. The normally cold and nutritious water is replaced with warm surface water. This phenomena is called _________.

A

El Nino

58
Q

tides

A

The mass movement of the ocean water due to the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. Each day they change the sea surface height all over the world.

59
Q

The Coriolis Effect

A

The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the rotation of the earth

60
Q

seamounts

A

Underwater volcanoes form __________ which become volcanic islands if they grow above the surface of the water.

60
Q

Organisms that cannon swim against the currents; so they float in the water column.

A

plankton

61
Q

freely swimming ocean organisms

A

nekton

63
Q

An _______ ______ is the movement of energy through water. Most are caused by wind

A

ocean wave

64
Q

flooding; droughts; fisheries

A

El Nino affects the climate of many parts of the world. It can cause ______, _______ and reduce the productivity of __________.

66
Q

global winds

A

winds that blow across the entire Earth

67
Q

continental shelf

A

Begins at the shoreline and ends where the slope of the ground increases.

68
Q

nekton

A

freely swimming ocean organisms

69
Q

pelagic environment

A

The second ocean environment is the _______ ____. It consists of all the water in the ocean and the organisms that live above the ocean floor.

70
Q

mixed tide

A

Some shorelines experience two uneven high tides and low tides each day called _______ ______

71
Q

spring tides

A

These occur when the sun and moon are aligned. During this event, the coastline experiences the maximum tidal range.

72
Q

The _____ ______ is located between the limits of the high and low tide. Organisms that live here must be able to withstand changes in water cover, temperature, salinity and wave energy.

A

intertidal zone

73
Q

sublittoral zone

A

The ________ _______ is located between low tide and the end of the continental shelf. This zone is full of sunlight and contains relatively warm water.

74
Q

_____ is the height of the wave. The stronger the ocean wave the higher this is.

A

amplitude

75
Q

diurnal tide

A

Some shorelines experience only one high and one low tide each day called _______ _______.

76
Q

salinity

A

The amount of salt dissolved in water

77
Q

The second ocean environment is the _______ ____. It consists of all the water in the ocean and the organisms that live above the ocean floor.

A

pelagic environment

78
Q

Underwater volcanoes form __________ which become volcanic islands if they grow above the surface of the water.

A

seamounts

79
Q

The mass movement of the ocean water due to the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. Each day they change the sea surface height all over the world.

A

tides

80
Q

plantlike plankton and photosynthesize.

A

phytoplankton

Geography (20 decks)

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