Genomic Sequencing Flashcards
During genomic sequencing, what are being sequenced?
The order of nucleotides in a gene or genome.
What is bioinformatics?
A comparison of sequence data using computers and statistical analysis.
What does the expression ‘many genes are highly conserved across different organisms’ mean?
Many of the same genes are found within different species.
What is phylogenetics?
The study of evolutionary history and relationships.
What are the 3 main domains of life?
Bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes.
What 2 sources are used as evidence for the 3 domains of life?
sequence data and fossil evidence
What does a molecular clock show?
The difference in sequence data for a protein against time
When using a molecular clock, what assumption is made?
A constant mutation rate
What does a molecular clock tell us if there number of substitutions between two species is high?
It is a long period of time since they diverged.
What do we call it when an individuals genome is sequenced and analysed to predict the likelihood of disease?
Personal genomics
What is pharmocogenetics?
The use of genome information in the choice of drugs
What 2 things about a drug can be selected with knowledge of the genome?
The type of drug and dosage that will be most effective
What are 2 advantages of pharmocogenetics?
Fewer side-effects and more effective drugs
