Genitourinary System Flashcards
composed of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Genitourinary System
2 layers/regions of the kidney
Renal cortex
Renal medulla
inner layer of kidney where urine concentration is regulated
Renal medulla
hormone produced in renal cortex that stimulates the production of red blood cells
Erythropoietin
outer layer of kidney where blood vessels are located
Renal cortex
Allows oxygenated blood to enter kidney
Renal artery
allows filtered, deoxygenated blood to leave the kidney
Renal veins
this organ is responsible for manufacturing urine
Kidneys
waste product that travels from the ureters to the urinary bladder until ejected through the urethra
Urine
Urine is stored here until it is ready for excretion
Urinary bladder
Small tubes for each kidney that carry urine to bladder
Ureters
Where urine is excreted from the body
Urethra
Helps maintain homeostasis by getting rid of waste
Genitourinary System
byproduct of protein digestion which is toxic and forms ammonia
Nitrogenous waste
Kidneys do this :
Filter blood Create urine Stabilize water balance Maintain blood pressure Produce active form of vitamin D
functional unit of the kidney; microscopic tubules that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water
Nephron
After passing through the renal artery, blood enters the nephron __________ before flowing into the ___________.
capillaries, glomerulus
Small dense group of capillaries in nephron where materials are filtered from the blood
glomerulus
left over material from glomerulus after filtration which includes:
water
urea
glucose salts
other small molecules
filtrate
Urine contents:
water (95%)
urea
salts
excess organic molecules
Why does filtrate move back through the tubules after having been filtered?
So that water and other important substances can be reabsorbed by the capillaries and entered into the blood
How do the kidneys control blood pressure?
By constricting or dilating blood vessels
hormone produced by the kidneys that regulates blood pressure by retaining or removing water and salt
Renin
help control the production of red blood cells
Kidneys
Which key factor assists the glomerulus in filtering wastes and returning nutrients?
Blood pressure
