Cardiovascular System Flashcards
closed system of blood pumped around the body by a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries
Circulatory System
made of muscle tissue and characterized by 4 chambers
Heart
transports nutrients, wastes, chemical messengers, and immune molecules
Cardiovascular System
carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs and returns it to left atrium
Pulmonary loop
Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
Systole (systemic) loop
carry blood out of the heart
Arteries
Carry blood into the heart
veins
made of single layer endothelium to form network connecting arteries to veins in tissues
Capillaries
circulates and filters interstitial fluid between cells and drains into circulatory system
Open Lymphatic System
contraction of heart muscle
Systole
relaxation of heart muscle
Diastole
“pacemaker” that sends electrical signals to the heart to control contractions
Sinoatrial Node
responsible for dissolving CO2 before diffusing to the lungs
Blood Plasma
2 main types of white blood cells
Leukocytes and Lymphocytes
responsible for draining interstitial fluid and filtering it through the lymph nodes to be monitored by lymphocytes
Lymphatic system capillaries
essentially plasma without red blood cells
Lymph
Myocardial infarction : when blood flow is cutoff from a part of the heart muscle
Heart attack
when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients
Stroke
ballooning at a weak spot in an artery wall
Aneurysm
Build up of plaques from fatty material on the inner walls of the arteries
Atheroschlerosis
irregular heartbeat
Arrhythmia
high blood pressure
Hypertension
pumps oxygenated blood to the body
Left Ventricle
facilitate exchange of O2 and CO2
Capillaries
receives CO2 rich blood
Right atrium
pumps blood into the pulmonary arteries
Right Ventricle
prevents blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle to the right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Prevents blood from flowing backward into the left atrium from the left ventricle
Mitral valve
main artery that transports blood from heart to the rest of the body (from left ventricle)
Aorta
main arteries that transports blood from the heart to the lungs (from right ventricle)
Pulmonary Arteries (Left/Right)
protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body’s organs and tissues and transports CO2 back to the lungs
hemoglobin
condition in which one lacks enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to body tissues
anemia
