genetics

Question 1

What is a chromosome

Answer 1

Structures in the nucleus of a cell that contain DNA

Question 2

What is a gene

Answer 2

a gene is a section of DNA which controls part of a cells chemistry

Question 3

How many chromosomes do humans have

Answer 3

Humans 23 pairs of chromosomes, giving 46 in total

Question 4

What is a karyotype

Answer 4

The complete set of chromosomes of a species

Question 5

Why do organisms need to produce new cells during their lifetimes

Answer 5

Growth, repair of damaged tissues or replacement of worn out cells

Question 6

Describe the process of mitosis

Answer 6

1. The cell copies the chromosomes (DNA replication)
2. They then split apart to produce a new nucleus
3. The cell then divides to produce a second cell with this new nucleus in
4. Therefore, mitosis is cell division, producing 2 genetically identical daughter cells

Question 7

Why are most cells produced through mitosis

Answer 7

It is essential that the new cells formed contain all the genetic information of the previous cells

Question 8

What is the cell cycle

Answer 8

The time between the formation of a cell and when it undergoes cell division, it is not the same as the life cycle of a cell