Digestion

Question 1

Describe and give an example of a cell

Answer 1

A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism eg sperm cell

Question 2

Describe and give a example of an organ

Answer 2

A group of tissues in a living organism that have been adapted to perform a specific function eg heart

Question 3

Explain and give an example of an organ system

Answer 3

A group of organs that work together to perform a certain function eg cardiovascular system

Question 4

Explain and give an example of a tissue

Answer 4

A group of cells with a similar structure and that work together as a unit eg muscle tissue

Question 5

Explain and give an example of an organism

Answer 5

a living thing that has an organized structure and can reproduce and grow eg a human

Question 6

What is the role of the digestive system

Answer 6

Converts the food we eat into their simplest forms so they can be absorbed and used for energy cell repair and growth

Question 7

What is the active site

Answer 7

a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction

Question 8

What group of digestive enzymes does amylase belong to

Answer 8

Carbohydrases

Question 9

Give 2 ways in which the products of digestion can be used by the body

Answer 9

Energy and growth

Question 10

Where is bile produced and where is it stored

Answer 10

Bile is produced in liver and stored in the gallblader

Question 11

Describe 2 functions of bile and why it is important

Answer 11

Bile is used to break down fats during digestion and to carry away waste it is important because it’s helps your body separate the nutrients it needs from toxins and waste to be removed in fleeces without bile bilirubin can build up and lead to jaundice

Question 12

Where is amalyse produced

Answer 12

Salivary gland and pancreas

Question 13

What does amylase break down and what does it break it into

Answer 13

Amylase breaks down starch into smaller sugars eg glucose

Question 14

Where is protease produced

Answer 14

Produced in the stomach pancreas and small intestine

Question 15

What does protease break down and what does it break it down into

Answer 15

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 16

Where is lipase produced

Answer 16

Pancreas

Question 17

What does lipase break down and what does it break it into

Answer 17

Breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 18

Catalyst definition

Answer 18

a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 19

Enzyme definition

Answer 19

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

Question 20

Define denatured

Answer 20

When the shape of the active site has changed and is no longer complimentary to the substrate

Question 21

What does the biuret test identify

Answer 21

Proteins

Question 22

What does the Sudan lll test identify

Answer 22

Lipids

Question 23

What does the iodine test identify

Answer 23

Starch

Question 24

What does the Benedict’s test identify

Answer 24

Reducing sugars

Question 25

What are enzymes also known as

Answer 25

Biological catalysts

Question 26

What do we call the special shape on an enzyme molecule

Answer 26

Active site

Question 27

What are enzymes made of

Answer 27

Protein

Question 28

What is created when a enzyme and substrate combine together

Answer 28

Enzyme - substrate complex

Question 29

What is lost when an enzyme is denatured

Answer 29

The shape of the active site

Question 30

What 2 factors can cause denaturing

Answer 30

High temperature and extremes of pH

Question 31

Where are enzymes involved in aerobic respiration found

Answer 31

Mitochondria

Question 32

Name 2 other processes catalysed by enzymes

Answer 32

Protein synthesis, photosynthesis

Question 33

Can u kill enzymes

Answer 33

no

Question 34

Where does amylase work

Answer 34

Small intestine (or mouth) and digests starch to glucose

Question 35

Where does lipase work

Answer 35

Small intestine

Question 36

Where does the digestion of starch begin

Answer 36

Mouth

Question 37

What do we call substances like amylase and protease which speed up chemical reactions

Answer 37

Enzymes

Question 38

How can the mouth help break down starchy foods

Answer 38

Release amylase from, the salivary gland and by using mechanical digestion by grinding the food into smaller pieces

Question 39

How does the liver help digest fats

Answer 39

Your liver produces bile which is a chemical that helps turn fats into energy and this bile is often stored in the gallbladder

Question 40

Why do molecules of starch protein and fat need to be digested

Answer 40

The molecules of starch protein and fat are too large and need to be digested to be absorbed into the blood, so they can then be used for energy, growth and repair