Genetic Material. Ch. 17

Question 1

How many hydrogen bonds are between cytosine and guanine? Adenine and thymine?

Answer 1

Cytosine and guanine- 3

Thymine and adenine- 2

Question 2

What is a nucleotide?

Answer 2

Each sugar molecule and phosphate group with nitrogen base.

Question 3

Nitrogen bases??

Answer 3

Adenine and thymine

Cytosine and thymine

Question 4

What is the genetic code??

Answer 4

The order in which the nitrogenous bases are in the dna molecule.

Question 5

Where is DNA located ??

Answer 5

In the nucleus.

Unless it’s mitochondrial DNA.

Question 6

How are the DNA strands bound together?

Answer 6

The DNA strands are bound to proteins called histones. Each DNA strand is coiled around the histones so that these long molecules can fit into a small space.

Question 7

Chromatin???

Answer 7

When a cell ISNT dividing, the coiled DNA forms a tangled network called the chromatin.

Question 8

What is the genetic code in DNA??

Answer 8

Gives instructions for protein synthesis.

Question 9

Synthesis ???

Answer 9

Combining of small molecules to make larger molecules.

Question 10

Genes ??

Answer 10

Determine the types of protein a cell can make.

Question 11

Amino acid ??

Answer 11

Sequence of 3 bases assembled at the ribosome.

Question 12

What is mRNA?

Answer 12

Transfers the coded information from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Question 13

What is tRNA?

Answer 13

Brings the amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome.

Each tRNA has three bases.

Question 14

What is the genetic code?

Answer 14

The order in which the nitrogen bases occur.

Question 15

DNA replication?

Answer 15

When the DNA form exact replica of themselves.

Question 16

What is the role of DNA in the cell ?

Answer 16

The role of DNA in the cell is to that the genetic code in DNA provides the instructions for protein synthesis.

Question 17

Basic answer of how DNA replication works ??

Answer 17

• The 2 linked chains separate, each section contains half of the original information
• serves as template for nucleotides that form new half.

Question 18

The types of proteins a cell can make is determined by the _______

Answer 18

Genes.

Question 19

Gene expression??

Answer 19

The process of copying information from the DNA onto the mRNA and then translating the message into a series of amino acids.

Question 20

What does some mitochondria have ?

Answer 20

DNA

Question 21

We inherit nuclear DNA from __________, but mtDNA from our _______.

Answer 21

Both parents

Mothers

Question 22

How is nuclear DNA different the mtDNA?

Answer 22

DNA nuclear, very long strands

mtDNA , small circular molecules

Question 23

How many genes do mtDNA have?

Answer 23

37

Question 24

What is ??

A very large molecule made of two stands of nucleotides that are joined by bonds between the nucleotide bases. The two stands are twisted into a double helix. Found in the nucleus and mitochondria of cells.

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

What is the DNA found in the nucleus of cells?

Answer 25

nuclear DNA, nDNA

Question 26

What is a large molecule composed of a single stand of nucleotides?

Answer 26

Rna

Question 27

What is a rna molecule that carries the code for protein synthesis from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes where protein is made.

Answer 27

mRNA.

Question 28

What is a small rna molecule that transfers the correct amino acid to the ribosome for inclusion in the protein moodle cult being made??

Answer 28

tRNA

Question 29

What is the structure of DNA ?

Answer 29

• Each dna molecule has 2 strands of alternating sugars and phosphates
• pairs of nitrogenous bases to form cross links
• double helix