Genetic Engineering

Question 0

Give an example of genetic engineering naturally

Answer 0

Viruses inserting genes into the and DNA of a host cell

Bacteria pass genes naturally from one to another in plasmids

Question 1

What is genetic engineering ?

Answer 1

When genetic information can be transferred from one cell to another, this can also happen naturally

Question 2

What are viruses and plasmids also knows as?

Answer 2

Vectors when they introduce new genes into cells

Question 3

How do humans use vectors ??

Answer 3

To transfer genes from one species to another

Question 4

What is useful about genetically modified organisms ?

Answer 4

Disease resistance and a valuable product is insulin

Question 5

Describe the process of genetic information:

Answer 5

1. Identify the required gene in the source chromosome
2. The gene is cut out using an enzyme
3. The gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid
4. Cells from the host species take up the plasmid containing the required gene and make the product
5. The modified bacteria or fungi are multiplied and the product is harvested and purified
6. Alternatively, transformed plant or animal cells are grown to produce genetically modified organisms that have a useful characteristic or make a valuable product