Genetic, Conception, and fetal development

Question 1

three ways people acquire gene mutation that can lead to cancer

Answer 1

1. environment
2. chance
3. genetic

Question 2

factors in the environment that causes cancer

Answer 2

ultraviolet (UV) light- skin cancer
tobacco smoke - lung cancer

Question 3

the second way people acquire mutation

Answer 3

by chance.

normal metabolic process can generate chemical that damage DNA.

Question 4

the third way people inherit mutation

Answer 4

through inheriting mutation gene from their parents

Question 5

two genes that have been recognized as playing a crucial role in the development of cancer

Answer 5

oncogene
tumor suppressor genes

Question 6

what is oncogenes?

Answer 6

mutated form of proto-oncogenes.

encourage and promote normal growth and development.

when it becomes carcinogenic, it results in excessive cell multiplication.

Question 7

tumor suppressor genes

Answer 7

inhibit or put the brakes on the cell growth and division cycle.

prevent development of tumors

mutation cause genes to ignore one or more of the component of network of inhibitory signals removing the brakes from the cell cycle. this results in a rate of uncontrolled growth: cancer

Question 8

lynch syndrome

Answer 8

aka hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is the most common hereditary form of colorectal and uterine cancer

autosomal dominant condition that results from mutations in one of many mismatch repair (MMR) genes

Question 9

goal of screening

Answer 9

detect or define risk for disease in low-risk populations and identify those for whole diagnostic testing may be appropriate