Exam 4 Flashcards
Appropriate stage for teaching children names and functions of sexual organs
age 6-12
Common time for infant to roll over
4mths rolls from back to side
5mths rolls from front to back
6mths rolls from back to front
Can turn over by 8-9 months of age.
Typical height for adolescent is?
Final 20-30% of height is achieved during puberty, girls grow up 2-8 inches, and boys 4-8
Implanon a contraceptive method when does it need replaced
It must be removed and replaced every 3 yrs if continued contraception is desired
Which contraceptive would be appropriate for a lactating woman?
Appropriate candidates for intrauterine contraception (IUD) include nulliparas, women with previous ectopic pregnancies , women receiving treatment for PID, LACTATING WOMEN, women testing positive for HIV, and women immediately postpartum or postabortion
How many regular menstrual cycles should one have before initiation of birth control pills?
Waiting until 2 years of menstrual cycles reduces the chance of suppression of the pituitary regulating centers
Signs and symptoms of toxic shock syndrome
Common signs of TSS include fever of sudden onset greater than 101.1F, rash, hypotension with a systolic BP less than 90mm Hg.
Difference between nature and nurture
Nature describes the traits inherent in the infant: biologically imposed idiosyncratic factors that create what and how each person “is”.
Nurture refers to the influence of external events such as parenting received , culture, or the time in which a child lives
What is definition of growth ? Definition of development
Growth refers to physical change and increase in size
Development is an increase in the complexity of function and skill progression
Which developmental domain is assessed for language development?
Social theory: Lev Vygotsky–emphasized that culture and certain factors within the child’s environment have a dramatic impact on language development.
Latent stage of development according to Freud
LATENCY (6 years to puberty) - Freud believes child “takes a break”. Allows child to focus more intently on other aspects of growth and learning. Sexual impulses are repressed, relationships between peers of same sex develop, time for sports, and video games.
The basic task for Erickson’s Industry vs Inferiority stage is?
Industry versus Inferiority - 6 to 12 years - Child develops sense of confidence through mastery of tasks. This is counterbalanced by sense of inadequacy or inferiority that comes from not succeeding. Realizing competency is important building blocks in development of self-esteem. If child cannot accomplish realistic expected tasks, the feeling of inferiority may result.
Appropriate toys and activities for toddler
Filling and emptying containers, playing with blocks, looking at books, toys that can be pushed or pulled, tossing balls.
Cyanosis of skin is indicative of ?
Poor oxygenation, circulation, cold
OLD CAT
Used to clarify childs health history.
Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Aggravating/ Alleviating
PRIORITY MEASURE FOR CHILD SAFETY IN HOSPITAL SETTING:
keeping toxic materials out of reach, identifying children with name bands, and knowing the whereabouts of children on the unit. Nurse must also provide a safe environment inside the room and in the transport of children from their room to other parts of the hospital.
DENVER II SCREENING TEST IS USED TO ASSESS WHAT?
Assesses personal-social, fine motor-adaptive, gross motor, and language skills. Nurse also documents behaviors during administration of the test.
AMBULATORY SURGERY-DESCRIBE SERVICES:
a place where children receive minimal treatment, recover from the procedure, and then are discharged home soon after the surgery. Minimizes separation between child and family. Some recovery takes place in the surgery center, but longer process continues at home. Assess knowledge in order to determine their ability to care for child independently at home or if additional support is needed.
Separation anxiety.
May exhibit an intense reaction to any type of procedure due to the intrusion of boundaries. The three reactions are protest (screaming), despair (developmental regression), and detachment (lack of interaction with unfamiliar people)
DESCRIBE DESPAIR:
Developmental regression, withdrawn, quiet.
SERVICES PROVIDED BY PEDIATRIC COMMUNITY NURSE?
Nurse provides health screening and education, emphasizing health promotion and disease prevention. Focus is on early identification, assessment, and referral
WHICH AGE GROUP BENEFITS FROM READING AS PART OF THERAPEUTIC PLAY?
Adolescent
KUBLER-ROSS’S STAGES OF GRIEF:
Denial and Isolation, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
DESCRIBE DEPRESSION:
When illness can no longer be denied or bargained away, the family and child may begin to feel a profound sadness. (insomnia or excessive sleeping, nightmares, weight gain or weight loss, loss of concentration that interferes with ability to function normally, overwhelming anger, constant fear or worry about the physical wellness of other family members.
ZOLOFT 50 MG, WHAT SHOULD THE CLIENT BE TAUGHT ABOUT THE MEDICATION?
…SSRI, contraindicated in breastfeeding, MAOIs, hepatic or renal dysfunc, alchol, hx of suicide attempts
PAXIL TO PREVENT DRUG/FOOD INTERACTIONS WHAT WOULD YOU TEACH CLIENT TO AVOID:
Alcohol
CLOMID FOR INFERTILITY, WHAT DO YOU NEED TO TEACH CLIENT?
May increase the risk of multiple births, may need daily ultrasounds or ck serum estrogen levels if combined with other medications, can have “ovarian hyperstimulation” which pt may need to have a rest period and postponement of treatment until following cycle.
WHAT SHOULD CLIENT AVOID WHILE TAKING ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES?
Smoking
AT WHAT AGE WOULD THERE BE CONCERN IF GIRL HAS NOT STARTED MENSTRUAL CYCLE? ~
15
WHAT STRATEGY USES REWARD TOINCREASE POSITIVE BEHAVIOR?
Positive reinforcement
WHICH CULTURE WOULD BE MOST LIKELY TO USE FOLK MEDICINE?
…indian and hispanics
What does the CDC recommend concerning physical activity for school children, how long and how many times a week?
1 hour or more of physical activity a day
Describe who makes up the extended family?
Extended family is grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, who are outside of the nuclear family.
Which assessment would you perform first on an infant?
APGAR if a newborn
If this is an infant coming in for a checkup make sure that the reflexes(rooting,sucking,moro, grasping,babinksi) are present, and the child is neurologically intact. Measure the head circumference, length, weight, and BMI. As always AIRWAY is most important.
Effective way to encourage good nutritional habits for preschoolers?
One way is to set a good example by eating healthy yourself. You can bring healthy snacks for your child, with you when you leave the house and teach them about the healthy choices that they can make outside of the home.
Also, you can cut foods into shapes or present them in different ways, so the food looks more appealing to the child.
Include your child in preparation and purchasing of foods. Have one family meal at the table to introduce your child to new foods and if they don’t like them don’t force them to eat it.
How do you modify a toddler’s behavior?
Parents and caregivers should know that tantrums for children of this age are normal. It may be possible to avoid such tantrums if the parent recognizes certain things that may “set the child off” like being too tired, or hungry. There are a few things that he nurse can teach the parents on how to help with discipline.
1. If the child is thrashing and crying and is not hurting themselves or anyone else…you can just leave them alone.
- Distraction: Give the child a toy to divert their attention
- Time-out: So the child can calm down
- Removal of privileges: Withhold a favorite toy until the child’s behavior is appropriate.
- Verbal reprimands: Give spoken warning or disapprovals without judging the child as “bad”
- Corporal punishment: Like spanking, swatting, grabbing….are NOT recommended (p.657)
It is important for the parents to remember to never use name calling or yelling, to be clear, and firm. Also, they need to speak to the child as they would want to be spoken to if someone were reprimanding them.
What site would you use to administer immunizations in an infant?
Anterolateral thigh muscle
age group would you observe for pain rather than trying to use verbal report?
I would think it would be between the ages of 0-3 years.
What activities to adolescents participate in?
This is the cooperative play stage. They like to play video games, computer games, board games, sports, card games, charades, etc.
What play is appropriate for a 6-9 month old?
Solitary play phase: They like to play patty cake, pee a boo, itsy-bitsy spider, finger painting, ball rolling, songs, high chair fishing.
Hospitalized adolescent what stressors would you anticipate?
They may have concerns about their body image, separation from their peers, loss of independence, and decrease in socialization.
What are the stages and signs of grief?
S/S: tightness in the chest and throat, weakness, SOB, inability to focus, feelings of guilt, feeling responsible for the loved ones death, hostile reactions, inability to complete daily tasks, preoccupation with the image of the deceased, searching for what they could have done differently.
Grief theories:
* Elisabeth Kubler-Ross- Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
- Miles and Perry’s Stages of Grief-
Phase 1: state of numbness and shock
Phase 2: period of intense grief
Phase 3: period of reorganization (p.1149) - Epperson’s Theory of Grieving- High anxiety, Denial, anger, Remorse, Grief, Reconciliation.
- Pathological Grief- When the person deviates from a healthy way of dealing with grief to a not so healthy way (violence, addictions, poor decision making)
