General Reviewer Flashcards by Ronamae Oliva

Moving from website to website easily and playfully.

Surfing the net

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threaten to “swamp” or “drown” us

Data deluge or data tsunami

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is the degree to which you enjoy the important possibilities of your life.

Quality of Life

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[WHO] “MIL is a key tool to combat hate speech, disinformation, and misinformation and helps to digest, critically analyze, and build on scientific evidence. It also helps in recognizing and challenging the narratives of violent extremists.”

Li Andersson

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“a government watchdog whose role teethers between that of a monitoring agent and outright censor”

Watchdog

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[WHO] pointed out that these technological advances can not only create enormous economic and other benefits, but also lead to significant changes in society.

Tatyana Yakushev

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Is considered as an extension of 3D computer graphics.

Virtual Reality

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It is the process of turning a virtualized 3D model into a 3D physical object. It is making significant strides in education from engineering to biology.

3D Printing

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A general term applied to a variety of display technologies capable of overlaying or combining alphanumeric, symbolic, or graphical information with a user’s view of the real world.

Augmented Reality

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Three Categories of Wearable Augmenting Displays

Optical see-through display
Video see-through display
Handheld Augmented Reality Systems

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A photographic record of the interference pattern of two superimposed beams of coherent light, one directly from the source and the other reflected or scattered from a physical object.

Hologram

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A method of education combining mobile learning and e-learning.

Ubiquitous Learning

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Also called Domain-Specific AI (Weak AI), the AI model in this category is built on rules or boundaries governing the domain.

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

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also known as Strong AI, the intelligence learned in one domain can be simplified in similar domains or unrelated domains.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

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Machines are considered more intelligent than humans in almost every aspect. Given the current state of AI, this is an imaginary or theoretical scenario. In this scenario, AI robots control humans.

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

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When you yourselves are well-oriented to media sources and messages and when you are capable of providing information as accurately and reliably as possible.

People as Media

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They interpret media content based on their views and biases, and these interpretations are then passed on to opinion followers who are assumed to have less frequent exposure or contact with media

Opinion Leaders

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Also known as democratic, guerilla, participatory, public, and street journalism — occurs when members of the public become active participants in the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information to other citizens.

Citizen Journalists

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Relays information from professional journalists and citizen journalists.

Social Journalists

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Happens when a group of people or a crowd is solicited for information by certain entities or institutions. It is also called collective mobilization.

Crowdsourcers

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Media practitioners who provide information coming from their expert knowledge or first- hand experience of events.

People in media

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They usually report for newspapers or magazines.

Print Journalist

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They are more interested in capturing images that tell a story.

Photojournalist

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These journalists are involved in TV and radio news.

Broadcast Journalists

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They are encouraged to have a wide set of storytelling abilities, as well as highly technical skills.

Multimedia Journalists

It refers to texts that contain no formatting, plaintext is a set of data that is about to be encrypted.

Plain text

changing the horizontal gap between the characters

Kerning

changing the vertical gaps between two lines of text

Leading

It is an unformatted text document created by an editor, such as Notepad

TXT (Text)

This format is created by using Microsoft Word.

DOC (Document)

It is created by using WordPad and a default format for Mac OS X’s editor TextEdit.

RTF (Rich Text Format)

It was developed by Adobe for cross platform exchange of documents that supports images and graphics

PDF (Portable Document Format)

This high-level page description language can describe the contents of a page, such that it can be accurately displayed on output devices, such as a printer.

PS (Postscript)

Are those that show real world situations, captured by a camera or a similar device.

Images

Are those that were drawn or painted, through traditional or digital means, and represent any fictitious scenario.

Graphics

Difference between Hard copy and Soft copy?

Hard copy - printed on solid surfaces Soft copy - have been transformed from hard copy or real objects into the electronic form using specialized procedures.

are also known as continuous tone images. They are composed of a large number of varying tones or shades of colors. There are times that not all the colors of an image can be shown properly.

Photographs

the printing device or screen might not have the right color for the photograph.

Half-tone or Partial Tone Images

This is the number of pixels displayed per unit length of an image, which is usually measured in pixels per inch (PPI).

Image Resolution

This is the number of pixels along the height and width of a bitmap image.

Pixel Dimensions

It is commonly used to display photographs and other continuous-tone images in hypertext markup language (HTML) documents over the internet and other online services.

JPEG

This is the standard image format. It supports RGB, indexed color, grayscale, and bitmap color modes, except alpha channels.

BMP (Bitmap)

This is commonly used to display indexed-color graphics and images in HTML documents over the internet and other online services.

GIF

It is used to exchange files between applications and computer platforms.

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

It is widely used among MAC OS graphics and page-layout applications as an intermediary file format for transferring images between applications.

PICT (Picture)

Developed as a patent-free alternative to GIF, it is used for lossless compression and for display of images on the internet.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

This format is designed for systems using the True vision video board and is commonly supported by MS DOS color applications.

TGA (Targa)

It is the default format used in the Adobe Photoshop package and the only format supporting all available image modes

PSD (Photoshop Document)

how the illustration communicates information or how it facilitates psychological learning processes are as important as the surface features of the illustration

Graphics

refers to the salient features of visuals, such as static art, dynamic art, and true virtual reality.

Surface Features

It focuses on how graphics convey information. The communication aims to show motion or represent/illustrate quantitative relationships.

Communication Function

It focuses on how graphics facilitate human learning processes.

Psychological Functions

how sound particles are displaced or scattered that produce a certain level or intensity of loudness.

Amplitude

It is the number of successive compressions and rarefactions occurring in one second and is expressed in hertz (Hz).

Frequency

It will increase by one octave if the frequency is doubled.

Pitch

Describes the dimensional length of each cycle or movement in periodic motion.

Wavelength

It is the process of taking unrelated parts and putting them together into an organized unit.

Design

is the measure of the grace and simplicity of the design relative to the complexity of its functions.

Elegance

a mark between two points or what is left in the path of a moving point.

Line

closed space made when a line connects to itself. It has height and width.

Shape

defined by two lines that do not coincide or by a minimum of three points that are not located on a line.

Surface

a shape that is or appears to be 3D, having weight, width, and depth.

Form

It is the area that an object or design occupies or the area around, above, below, within, or between elements in a design.

Space

It helps define parts of objects and set off one area of a design from another.

Color

lightness or darkness of a color, image or part of an image, or area.

Value

when one side of something is the same as the other side. The elements used on each side of the design are equally proportionate and visually weighted.

Symmetrical (formal)

when the emphasis is to the right or the left of center or dissimilar on both sides.

Asymmetrical (informal)

the focal point in your design.

Emphasis

successful combination of design elements that creates a sense of wholeness and visual completion.

Unity

It refers to the unity created when the parts of the design (amount, degree, number, quantity, scale, or size) relate to the whole or of one part to another.

Proportion

It is the use of several elements of design to create differences that add visual interest.

Variety

comes from the Latin word movçre or “to move.” It is an act or process of changing place or position.

Motion

a simple toy made by Inventors in America during the 19th century, experimented with ways to exhibit photographs.

Zoetrope

oftentimes used for comic effects, as evident in early silent comedy movies.

Accelerated Motion

defies the natural flow of time, making the impossible happen or unhappen.

Reverse Motion

It is a form of media that is based on moving images with audio and interaction functions.

Motion Media

It refers to the process of applying effects to a film, video, or animated footage.

Visual Effect

images and footage are combined in layers.

Composting

fixes the color of footage to achieve consistency. It can also be used to apply color treatments to style shots.

Color Correction

- comes from the Latin verb animare, meaning “to give life to” - It describes the process of sequencing drawings, computer-generated artwork, or photographs of models to create the illusion of a moving image

Animation

It can be separated into cartoon and abstract animation.

Hand-drawn Animation

It can be either 2D or 3D animation.

Computer-generated animation

A transparent sheet is used for each hand-drawn frame.

Cel Animation

exists as mathematical entities, called vectors, stored by the animation program.

Path Animation

drawn by considering two coordinate axes along the X and Y directions and depict animated objects on flat surfaces.

2D animation

defines locations of objects in space and involves modeling, rendering, and adding surface properties, lighting, and camera motions.

3D animation

It simulates the process of cel animation by placing the animated object on a timeline to depict the flow of time.

Computer-generated animation

It can be created by using Microsoft PowerPoint, GIF animator, Adobe After Effects, and Dynamic HTML.

Elementary Animation

- is a specialized area of TV, video, film, and web and device content production. - The process involves creating moving graphic design, such as the opening title sequences. - It also includes designing layouts, creating animated sequences, incorporating video and photography, and adding visual effects.

Motion Graphic Design

It is a combination of an image and an audio, consisting of a set of still images called frames displayed to the user one after another at a specific speed, known as the frame rate, measured in the number of frames per second.

Motion Video

a multimedia framework developed by Apple that is capable of handling various media formats.

MOV

a set of proprietary streaming video technologies developed by Microsoft and part of the Windows Media Framework.

WMV (Windows Media Video)

This file format is used as a container for storing a variety of media types.

MP4

Resolution is the ability of a lens to define visual detail, usually measured as the number of lines per millimeter than can be separately identified.

Video Resolution

It is a portmanteau of “picture” and “element.” It is any of the hundreds of thousands of individually addressable coded areas of light and shade that make up a TV or computer screen image.

Pixel

When there is inconsistency in digital imaging.

Pixelation

is the ratio of the length to the width of the pixel on display.

Aspect Ratio

It is the most common resolution used today. It is widely used on Blu-ray discs, the internet, video streaming services, and digital TV broadcasts.

High-definition (HD) Video

All the resolutions below 1280x720 are called standard-definition (SD) video.

Standard-definition (SD) Video

It have a resolution of 3840×2160, which is twice the resolution of HD video in both the horizontal and the vertical dimensions.

Ultra-high-definition (UHD) Video

Also called bit depth or color depth, this is a measurement of the number of bits

Bit Resolution

This is a measurement of the number of dots or pixels per inch (dpi or ppi) that a piece of hardware presents.

Device Resolution

Also called screen frequency, this is a specification of the number of dots per inch in a halftone screen used to print an image.

Screen Resolution

This is a measurement of the amount of information that is stored for an image, generally measured in pixels per inch.

Image Resolution

This is a measurement of the capability, in dots per inch, of a printer or other output device

Output Resolution

refers to how fast we perceive an object to move on screen.

Perceived Speed

refers to the perceived speed of the overall tempo, while tempo and rate refer to the perceived duration of the individual event sections.

Pace

The direction of movement or motion path of elements in your shot can determine where the best cuts should be.

Direction

Any still image has implied motion or implied stasis, while motion graphics share compositional principles with print.

Timing and Transition

It plays a considerable role in shaping the way motion is choreographed.

Sound

Contrasting colors can symbolize ideas and express emotions to produce a desired audience response.

Contrast

It allows you to organize complex information and direct a viewer’s attention throughout the frame on an informational and a visual level.

Hierarchy

are physical models or tools used in hands-on learning. They provide realism and illustrate concepts that involve three dimensions

Manipulatives