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Depression & Anxiety Treatment LICBT > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

Guided self help is effective for mild-moderate depression

A

Anderson et al 2005

Gellatly et al 2007

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2
Q

Guided self-help methods

A

Books Brosan and Hogan 2006
Worksheets CCI
E-CBT Mood gym

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3
Q

Factors impacting on attendance

A

Stigma
Symptoms
Disability
Motivation

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4
Q

During assessment you should attain…

A 
Problem
Exploring symptoms
Maintaining factors
Expectations
Goals
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5
Q

4 recommended LICBT Treatments recommended by NICE 2009b

A

BA
Cognitive
problem solving
Sleep hygiene

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6
Q

Three deciding factors in LICBT intervention decision

A

Client choice
Goals
Symptom target

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7
Q

PWP Training Review (2015)

A

Problem statement review

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8
Q

Pavlov

A

Classical condition

Phobias: baby Albert, learning via association

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9
Q

Behaviour

A

Pavlov

Skinner

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10
Q

Cognitive

A

Beck

Ellis

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11
Q

Beck

A

Cognition

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12
Q

Ellis

A

Belief base

Emotional response

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13
Q

Reflection learning through

A

Gibbs 1988

Kolb 2014

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14
Q

Benefits of a problem statement

A

Time keeping

Silent member

Negativity

Over disclosure

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15
Q

Cognitive strategies are used in LICBT to…

A

Challenge negative thoughts and unhelpful thinking patterns

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16
Q

Depression key features:

A

Lack of motivation

Negative thinking

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17
Q

CBT model of depression suggests…

A

depressed people show cognitive biases or systemic thinking errors (Beck et al 1979) aka unhelpful thinking styles

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18
Q

Unhelpful thinking style (4 areas)

A

Westbrook et al 2007
Self-reproach eg taking things personally, self-criticism and name-calling

Intuitive thinking eg mind reading, making negative predictions about the future, basing reasoning on emotional responses

selective attention eg overgeneralising, discounting positives, taking all responsibility, magnifying negative events

Extreme thinking eg all or nothing thinking, unrealistic standards & catastrophising

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19
Q

An example of a GSH material to challenge negative thoughts

A

Beck et al 1979
Greenberger & Padesky 1995

Thought records

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20
Q

Negative triad

A

Beck et al 1979

Thoughts develop and are reinforced habitually and enter frequently into patients’ minds - NAT

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21
Q

Purpose of a thought diary

A

Client to become aware of thoughts and secondly to evaluate their validity… client therefore is encouraged to find a more balanced alternative preventing vicious cycles

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22
Q

Mynors-Wallis & Lau 2010

A

Most work happens between sessions

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23
Q

Kupfer 1991

A

At least half of people who recover from depression will relapse

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24
Q

Anxiety is…

A

the assumption that something is more dangerous than it really is

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25
Q

Most treatment will include…

A

Assessment of the anxiety and an agreement on the goals to be worked on
Psycho-ed
Skills to better enable the client to manage
Some form of exposure to the situation or object
Relapse management

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26
Q

Clearest support for LICBT evidence working with Anxiety is for…

A

Social anxiety & panic

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27
Q

Furmark et al 2009

Abramowitz et al 2009

A

Found significant results for a range of LICBT interventions for social anxiety

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28
Q

Robinson et al 2010

A

Strong results for evidence for the use of LICBT for panic

29
Q

Tolin et al 2011

A

OCD can be treated using exposure techniques effectively

30
Q

NICE guidelines for GAD

A

LICBT should be administered as a first line treatment, supported by Wilkinson 2011

31
Q

Coull & Morris 2011

A

Comprehensive review of controlled trials, demonstrated some success but overall varying results- LICBT lacks longitudinal follow up reported within studies
- However they did not include diagnoses that were not confidently presented thus mild to moderate symptoms were not included

32
Q

Newman et al 2003

A

LICBT is most effective for motivated clients

33
Q

Gellatly et al 2007

A

LICBT is only effective for anxiety if continued support is offered

34
Q

Typical structure of anxiety LICBT treatment

A
  1. Assessment of current difficulties
  2. Match presentations to treatment options
  3. Self-help sheets to psychoeducate around treatment options and the condition
    - If the symptoms do not correlate with a specific diagnosis, the symptoms/experiences themselves can be worked on White et al 1992
35
Q

Cave & Dunwoodie 2012

A

services have different treatment options depending on locality

36
Q

White et al 1992

A

Stress course- generic course- non-specific diagnosis

37
Q

Roth &Piling 2007

A

Standards set for Goal Setting

SMART type idea

38
Q

Measuring goals…

A

It is important to agree with the client collaboratively how they are going to measure the success of their treatment

39
Q

Eckam & Shean 1997

A

High levels of anxiety that does not habituate should be HICBT

40
Q

Larun et al 2009

A

Exercise is effective treatment for mild to moderate anxiety although research is limited

Very few mental health services provide this as an option

41
Q

Herring et al 2011a, 2012

A

exercise is effective treatment

42
Q

Herring et al 2011b

A

Prescribed exercise for GAD

43
Q

Abrantes et al 2009

A

Prescribed exercise for OCD

44
Q

Brooks et al 1998

A

Prescribed exercise for panic

45
Q

Newman & Motta 2007

A

Prescribed exercise for children and adolescents effective

46
Q

Knapen et al 2009

A

Prescribed exercise for working aged adults

47
Q

Chodzko-Zajko et al 2009

A

Prescribed exercise for Older adults effective

48
Q

Roth & Holmes 1987

A

Intensity of exercise is irrelevant

49
Q

Beaulac et al 2011

Mnemonic

A

Exercise can prevent CMH problems

Collaborative working is important factor in effectivity particular when considering physical exercise
Mnemonic
Assess
Advise
Agree
Assist
Arrange
50
Q

Which pathways does exercise work on?

A

Cog and physical

51
Q

Sabourin et al 2008

A

How exercise helps mental health/anxiety.

Physical - Habituating anxiety of physical arousal eg heart rate
Cog- helps the client to understand the situation without it being threat based i.e. exercise induced

52
Q

Strohle 2008

A

Exercise increases sense of mastery, distraction and change of self-concept

53
Q

Petrella & Lattanzio 2002

A

Treatment compliance can be an issue, recommend regular brief practitioner support to improve compliance and outcomes

54
Q

Cognitive treatments for anxiety

A

thought records- raise awareness of typical anxious thoughts, thoughts can be a trigger for anxiety and so this is the rationale behind it

thought challenging - CR, provides rationale for behavioural responses

worry time

Behavioural Experiments- as it is developing new information and relearning

55
Q

Nelson & Hayes 1981

A

For LICBT awareness and self-monitoring may result in spontaneous change in thought content

56
Q

Olson & Winchester 2008

A

monitoring the frequency of a thought may increase the occurrence - think cognitive priming

57
Q

Clark et al 1991

A

Priming tends to occur when a thought is suppressed rather than monitoring alone

58
Q

Clark 1995

A

Cognitive treatments encourage…logical analysis and empirical hypothesis testing which leads to realignment of their thinking with reality

59
Q

When is behavioural treatment favoured over cognitive?

A

When the best evidence available reaffirms the anxious thought eg speaking in public having had a bad experience

60
Q

Bennett-Levy et al 2004

A

Behavioural experiments:
in-between sessions
derived from a cognitive formulation
primary purpose- obtain new information, testing validity and beliefs

61
Q

Holly et al 2010

A

BE are powerful when bringing change in unhelpful thinking and related behaviours as they offer reflective and active parts

62
Q

Kolb 1984

A

Benefits of reflection

63
Q

Bystritsky et al 2005

A

Prediction of medication compliance

  • help to cope?
  • does it work?
  • are they addictive?
  • physically better?
64
Q

Beck 2001

A

Specific targeted questions should be asked around medication

  • fears
  • impact medication has on decisions

review unhelpful beliefs using CR

65
Q

Evans &Spelman 1983

A

Half of the people taking MH meds will stop taking their mediation when they start to feel better

66
Q

Enhancing compliance

A

Psycho-ed

  • rationale
  • delay onset
  • time course
  • side effects
  • problems with relapse if they are withdrawn too quickly
  • concerns about addictions and cravings
67
Q

Mitchell & Selmes 2007

A 
medication compliance as a goal:
- basic communication
-stratefy-specific interventions 
-reminders
evaluating adherence
68
Q

Goals for relapse prevention

A

preventing it
increasing wellness
developing skills to promote and sustain wellbeing

Depression & Anxiety Treatment LICBT (15 decks)

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