gene regulation

Question 1

Activator protein

Answer 1

A protein coded for by a regulatory gene that increases gene expression.

Question 2

Conformational change

Answer 2

A change in the three-dimensional shape of macromolecules such as proteins.

Question 3

Gene regulation

Answer 3

Any mechanism that acts to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (DNA or RNA) in the cell.

Question 4

Operator

Answer 4

A short region of DNA that interacts with repressor proteins to alter the transcription of an operon.

Question 5

Operon

Answer 5

A cluster of linked genes that all share a common promoter and operator and are transcribed at the same time.

Question 6

Regulatory gene

Answer 6

A segment of DNA responsible for producing proteins that control the expression of other genes.

Question 7

Repressor protein

Answer 7

A protein coded for by a regulatory gene that prevents gene expression by binding to its operator.

Question 8

Structural gene

Answer 8

A segment of DNA that doesn’t code for regulatory proteins, but instead codes for proteins that play a role in the structure or function of a cell or organism.

Question 9

Tertiary structure - proteins

Answer 9

A laboratory apparatus which alters the temperature in pre-programmed steps for temperature-sensitive reactions like PCR.