Gene Mutation

Question 1

define gene mutation

Answer 1

alteration of a base in the sequence of bases for one gene

Question 2

what does a gene mutation result in?

Answer 2

a different amino acid sequence in the encoded polypeptide
if the amino acid sequence changes it will form hydrogen and ionic bonds in different places and fold differently. This results in a different 3D shape.
non-functioning protein

Question 3

addition mutation

Answer 3

frameshift
all the codons after adding the base are altered
results in different a sequence of amino acids and results in a non-functioning protein.

Question 4

deletion mutation

Answer 4

causes a frameshift to the left
result in a different polypeptide chain and non-functioning protein

Question 5

substitution mutation

Answer 5

only one codon changes
due to the genetic code being degenerate (more than on triplet can code for the same amino acid), it may still code for the same amino acid and have no impact.