gender dysphoria Flashcards
what is gender dysphroria?
when a person experieces DISCOMFORT or DISTRESS because there’s a MISMATCH between their SEX assigned at birth and their GENDER identity
BIO explanation for GD
what does the brain sex theory suggest?
That GD has a basis in brani structure in the BST, which is involved in EMOTIONAL responses.
what Krujiver fid about brain-sex theory and the BST?
BST is LARGER in MEN than women and FEMALE sixed in TRANS females.
This suggests that people with GD have a BST which is the size of the gender they IDENTIFY with rather than their corresponding SEX. This fits with people who say that they were born in the wrong sex.
Krujiver replicated this finding, counting the number of NUERONS. 6 male-female trans individuals showed a sex-reversed identify pattern with average neuron numbers in the FEMALE range.
BIO explanation of GD
what do genetic factors suggest?COO
reserach shows GD may be GEETIC as tere are HIGH concordance rates between MZ twins.
who studied genetic influence twin studies?
COOLIDGE assessed 157 twin pairs 63% GD found was caused by genetics
GUNTER compared 23 MZ and 21 DZ twins where one twin was DIAGNOSED with GD, concordance rates for MZ twins was 39% compared to 0 for DZ twins.
SOCIAL explanation for GD.
what is social constructionism?
the idea that society INVENTS the concept of gender identity and GD rises because society FORCES people to either be man or a woman.
who studied social constructioism
MCLINTOCK studied a tribe in New Guinea called SAMBIA with a genetic condition.
Born with a labia and clitoris, rise in testosterone in puberty, testes descend, clitoris becomes penis. COMMON genetic variation found in Sambia, but due to EXPOSURE to to ther cultures they are now JUDGED as having a form of GD.
SOCIAL explanations to GD
what does the psychoanalytic theory state?
Ovesey and Person argue GD in males is caused by child experiencing EXTREME separation anxiety BEFORE establishing their gender IDENTITY.
Child fantasises about a SYMBIOTIC FUSION with their MOM to relieve their anxiety and REMOVE danger of sep.
CONSEQUENCE is that the male child TAKES on mothers IDENTITY, adopting a FEMALE gender identity.
