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revision > geeky > Flashcards

geeky Flashcards

1
Q

Jejunal biopsy findings showing deposition of PAS-positive macrophages in the lamina propria

A

whipples disease

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2
Q

Transmural inflammation and non-caseating granulomas

A

Crohn’s disease

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3
Q

subtotal villous atrophy, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, and crypt hyperplasia on duodenal biopsy

A

coeliac disease

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4
Q

most common complication 24 hours post MI

A

arrhythmia

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5
Q

most common composition of gallstones

A

cholesterol, bilirubin, bile salts

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6
Q

gold standard imaging for suspected pulmonary fibrosis

A

HRCT

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7
Q

air crescent sign

A

aspergillosis

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8
Q

cholangiocarcinoma

A

biliary tree cancer

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9
Q

hypertension in arms but hypotension in legs

A

coarction of the aorta

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10
Q

persistent hemorrhoidal disease management

A

banding of hemorrhoids
inject the haemorrhoid with sclerosant agents (doxycycline)
colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in young patients

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11
Q

main peri-MI cause of death

A

ventricular arrhythmia

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12
Q

positive test for perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies

A

PSC

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13
Q

elevated ALP and bilirubin

A

stone in common bile ducts

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14
Q

indicates diagnosis of acute cholecytitis

A

gallbladder thickness >3mm

sometimes raised ALP bilirubin mostly normal

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15
Q

first line treatment of ascites secondary to liver cirrhosis

A

spironolactone

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16
Q

bat wings on cxr

A

patchy peripheral shadowing

alveolar oedema

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17
Q

solitary well defined painful lesion in the mouth

A

apthous ulcer

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18
Q

management of apthous ulcer

A

topical steroids and topical lidocaine for pain

19
Q

diagnosis of TB

A

send of 3 sputum cultures

20
Q

test to check if patient has been exposed to tb

A

tuberculin skin test

21
Q

paraneoplastic features of squamous cell carcinoma

A

parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rp) secretion causing hypercalcaemia
clubbing
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA)
hyperthyroidism due to ectopic TSH

22
Q

paraneoplastic features of SCLC

A

ADH
ACTH - not typical, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia, alkalosis and muscle weakness are more common than buffalo hump etc
Lambert-Eaton syndrome

23
Q

‘Red-currant jelly’ sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

24
Q

CXR of aortic dissection

A

widened mediastinum

25
Q

pathology of appendicitis

A

obstruction by faecolith- leads to a closed system and build of appendiceal mucocele
or thrombosis of appendicular artery

26
Q

what enzyme does warfarin inhibit

A

epoxide reductase preventing Vitamin K from being converted to its activated form

27
Q

MoA of Ranitidine

A

competitive antagonist of the H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells

28
Q

most common site of intussusception

A

ileocolic

29
Q

organism causing rheumatic fever

A

group A beta-haemolytic strep

30
Q

treatment of rheumatic fever

A

penicillin

31
Q

first heart sound

A

closure of mitral and tricuspid

32
Q

pulse in aortic stenosis

A

slow rising

33
Q

Conn’s syndrome

A

health problem that occurs when the adrenal glands make too much aldosterone
causes hypertension

34
Q

third heart sound is a sign off

A

HF

35
Q

JVP in constricted pericarditis

A

raised

36
Q

ankle pressure in critical limb ischaemia

A

<50

37
Q

JVP in AFib

A

absent a waves

38
Q

Where are the arterial baroreceptors located?

A

carotid sinus and aortic arch

39
Q

what nerve innervates the pericardium

A

phrenic nerve

40
Q

Clopidogrel MoA

A

DP receptor antagonist thus inhibiting platelet activation and clot formation

41
Q

blood marker for acute liver failure

A

PTT

42
Q

Histology of coeliac disease

A

villous atrophy, raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes, and crypt hyperplasia

43
Q

ST segment elevation in V1 and V2 leads, followed by a negative T wave
associated with syncope

A

Brugada syndrome

revision (9 decks)

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