geeky Flashcards
Jejunal biopsy findings showing deposition of PAS-positive macrophages in the lamina propria
whipples disease
Transmural inflammation and non-caseating granulomas
Crohn’s disease
subtotal villous atrophy, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, and crypt hyperplasia on duodenal biopsy
coeliac disease
most common complication 24 hours post MI
arrhythmia
most common composition of gallstones
cholesterol, bilirubin, bile salts
gold standard imaging for suspected pulmonary fibrosis
HRCT
air crescent sign
aspergillosis
cholangiocarcinoma
biliary tree cancer
hypertension in arms but hypotension in legs
coarction of the aorta
persistent hemorrhoidal disease management
banding of hemorrhoids
inject the haemorrhoid with sclerosant agents (doxycycline)
colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in young patients
main peri-MI cause of death
ventricular arrhythmia
positive test for perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
PSC
elevated ALP and bilirubin
stone in common bile ducts
indicates diagnosis of acute cholecytitis
gallbladder thickness >3mm
sometimes raised ALP bilirubin mostly normal
first line treatment of ascites secondary to liver cirrhosis
spironolactone
bat wings on cxr
patchy peripheral shadowing
alveolar oedema
solitary well defined painful lesion in the mouth
apthous ulcer
management of apthous ulcer
topical steroids and topical lidocaine for pain
diagnosis of TB
send of 3 sputum cultures
test to check if patient has been exposed to tb
tuberculin skin test
paraneoplastic features of squamous cell carcinoma
parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rp) secretion causing hypercalcaemia
clubbing
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA)
hyperthyroidism due to ectopic TSH
paraneoplastic features of SCLC
ADH
ACTH - not typical, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia, alkalosis and muscle weakness are more common than buffalo hump etc
Lambert-Eaton syndrome
‘Red-currant jelly’ sputum
Klebsiella pneumoniae
CXR of aortic dissection
widened mediastinum
pathology of appendicitis
obstruction by faecolith- leads to a closed system and build of appendiceal mucocele
or thrombosis of appendicular artery
what enzyme does warfarin inhibit
epoxide reductase preventing Vitamin K from being converted to its activated form
MoA of Ranitidine
competitive antagonist of the H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells
most common site of intussusception
ileocolic
organism causing rheumatic fever
group A beta-haemolytic strep
treatment of rheumatic fever
penicillin
first heart sound
closure of mitral and tricuspid
pulse in aortic stenosis
slow rising
Conn’s syndrome
health problem that occurs when the adrenal glands make too much aldosterone
causes hypertension
third heart sound is a sign off
HF
JVP in constricted pericarditis
raised
ankle pressure in critical limb ischaemia
<50
JVP in AFib
absent a waves
Where are the arterial baroreceptors located?
carotid sinus and aortic arch
what nerve innervates the pericardium
phrenic nerve
Clopidogrel MoA
DP receptor antagonist thus inhibiting platelet activation and clot formation
blood marker for acute liver failure
PTT
Histology of coeliac disease
villous atrophy, raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes, and crypt hyperplasia
ST segment elevation in V1 and V2 leads, followed by a negative T wave
associated with syncope
Brugada syndrome
