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revision > come on connie > Flashcards

come on connie Flashcards

1
Q

macrocytic anaemia

A

body has overly large red blood cells and not enough normal RBC

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2
Q

PE on CXR

A

wedge shaped opacity

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3
Q

cardiomegaly on CXR

A

HF

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4
Q

diffuse bilateral patchy, cloudy opacities on CXR

A

ARDS, pneumonia

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5
Q

rib-notching on CXR

A

dilated vessels in coarction of aorta

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6
Q

blunting of costophrenic angles on CXR

A

pleural effusion

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7
Q

what do you hear with a bicuspid aortic valve

A

early systolic ejection click

sometimes hear blowing early diastolic murmur or systolic ejection murmur if also a degree of stenosis and regurgitation

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8
Q

common vessel involved in a duodenal ulcer

A

gastroduodenal artery (branch of common hepatic artery)

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9
Q

alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

A

abnormality of protease inhibitor

bronchiectasis and liver cirrhosis

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10
Q

Marfarns syndrome characteristics

A

long fingers
high arched palate
autosomal dominant connective tissue disease

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11
Q

marfarn’s syndrome is associated with…

A

mitral valve prolapse
aortic regurgitation
aortic dissection
spontaneous pneumothorax

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12
Q

DiGeorge syndrome

A

genetic deletion 22q11

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13
Q

symptoms of DiGeorge syndrome

A

heart murmur
cyanosis
infections
wide eyes, low ear, cleft palate

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14
Q

Kartagener syndrome

A

rare genetic ciliopathy of the cilia of the resp tract

causes chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis and infertility

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15
Q

Warfarin dosage

A

according to INR- pharmacokinetics is highly variable

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16
Q

where is warfarin metabolised

A

liver

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17
Q

cystic fibrosis presentation in young patients

A

recurrent chest infection, resp failure, pancreatic insufficiency

18
Q

mechanism of action of aspirin

A

inhibits cyclo-oxygenase, which reduces production of thromboxane A2 in platelets

19
Q

mechanism of action of penicillin

A

B- lactam antibiotic, inhibits transpeptidase (bacterial wall synthesis)

20
Q

treatment of tension pneumothorax

A

large bore cannula midclavicular line 2nd ICS

21
Q

acute SVT treatment

A

carotid massage (unless stroke risk), slow conduction of AV node > IV adenosine, verapamil

22
Q

chronic SVT management

A

avoid stimulants
radiofrequency ablation in young
BB
antiarrhythmics- amiodarone, flecainide, lidocaine)

23
Q

risk factors for SVT

A 
heart disease
lung disease 
drugs (coke)
surgery
pregnancy 
WPW syndrome
24
Q

atrial flutter management

A

RF ablation
rate/rhythm control- BB or cardioversion
anticoag

25
Q

vagal manoeuvres

A 
valsava manoeuvre
carotid sinus massage 
face in ice water 
DC cardioversion (if haemodynamically compromised) 
ONLY FOR SVT
26
Q

tachycardias management

A

adenosine
rate control (AF)
anti-arrhythmics for chemical cardioversion

27
Q

mechanism of adenosine

A

slows conduction of AV node

28
Q

drugs for rate control

A

BB
digoxin
diltazem

29
Q

anti-arrhythmics

A

amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, lidocaine

30
Q

management of torsades de pointes

A

isoprenaline and magnesium sulphate

31
Q

pancreatic divisum

A

congenital abnormality of pancreas

ducts of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds fails to fuse during embryonic development

32
Q

presentation of pancreatic divisum

A

recurrent pancreatitis

33
Q

pancreatic pseudocyst

A

collection of fluid usually located in the lesser sac of the abdomen

34
Q

presentation of pancreatic pseudocyst

A

fever, mass, increase amylase, vomiting

35
Q

zollinger-ellison syndrome

A

rare condition causing peptic ulcer secondary to gastric secreting neuroendocrine tumours

36
Q

management of zollinger ellison syndrome

A

PPI

37
Q

lymph nodes that drain inferior of pectinate line

A

inguinal

38
Q

most common pneumonia in patients with alcoholism, diabetes and chronic lung disease

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

39
Q

ECG Features demonstrating the Digoxin Effect

A

Downsloping ST depression
Flattened, inverted, or biphasic T waves
Shortened QT interval

40
Q

splanchnic nerve

A

T5-9 and consists of preganglionic sympathetic fibres
is pre-ganglionic and therefore myelinated
passes to the coeliac ganglion

revision (9 decks)

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