Gastrointestinal Systems Flashcards
What is affected by ulcerative colitis?
only large intestine
What is affected by Crohn disease?
The entire GI tract
Which is more likely to produce blood in the stool Ulcerative colitis or crohns?
ulcerative colitis
What does a colonoscopy reveal in UC?
pseudopolyps
What does a colonoscopy reveal in crohns?
cobblestone appearance
What is a complication of untreated cholecystitis?
acute pancreatitis
What medication blocks the function of parietal cells?
PPIs
What do parietal cells excrete?
hydrochloric acid
What does gastrin do?
Release gastric acid
What is ulcerative colitis?
Disease caused by pathological changes in the wall of the colon and predisposes to colon cancer.
What are esophageal varices?
Veins that are prone to rupture , commonly the source of massive hemorrhages, increase the likelihood of bleeding and significant blood loss
What does Crohn’s Disease look like?
ulcers deep and mingled with nodular thickening, “cobblestone” appearance
Common causes of cirrhosis?
hepatitis and chronic alcohol use
What are esophageal varices?
engorged varicose veins on the low esophagus caused by congestions and hypertension in the liver, can rupture
What is cirrhosis?
formation of liver scar tissue dt multiple hepatocyte injuries and repair efforts.
How does cirrhosis affect the body?
inability to detoxify blood
decreased bile, decreased lipid digestion and absorption
hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice),
portal hypertension, excessive bleeding, confusion, impaired cognition
What questions should be asked if there are GI events that look similar to cardiac chest pain:
What does it look like
When did it start
What causes it
Risk Factor for GI issues?
NSAIDs (aspirin)
Side effect of medications and #1 complaint in adults?
Constipation (less than 3 stools/week)
Frequent causes of constipation:
Frequent causes of constipation:
What is emphysema?
overdistention of alveoli resulting in the inability to remove CO2
commonly associated with chronic bronchitis
What is pulmonary embolism?
a clot that has traveled to the pulmonary arterial circulation and causes obstruction of the arterial blood flow through the lungs
What is pulmonary edema?
the fluid around the alveoli inhibits the O2transer at the alveolar capillary interface.
