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Health Promotion > gastrointestinal system > Flashcards

gastrointestinal system Flashcards

1
Q

AMDR for fats

A

10-35% daily caloric intact

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2
Q

1 gram of fat

A

9 kcal

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3
Q

linoliec acid

A

omega 6 found in veggies and nuts

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4
Q

alpha linoliec acid

A

fatty acids, omega 3 1 gram= 4 kcal

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5
Q

1 gram of protein is

A

4 kcal

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6
Q

AMDR of proteins

A

20-35% daily calorie intake

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7
Q

Micronutrients

A

supports normal health and bodily functions

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8
Q

vitamins

A

compounds made up of carbon that support vital functions but do not supply the body with energy

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9
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A,D,E,K

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10
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

C and B

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11
Q

Vit A

A 
Retinol 
vision 
skin membrane 
protectant from some cancers 
increases resistance to infection 
RDA 4000 IU women 
RDA 5000 IU men
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12
Q

Vit D

A 
Cholecalifetrol 
promotes strong bones 
aids in calcium absorption 
maintains blood levels of Ca and P 
200-400 IU before age 25
400 IU for those with sun exposure and do not drink milk
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13
Q

Vit E

A

Promotes formation RBC
utilization of Vit K
prevents oxidation of vit a and vit c and polyunsaturated fat
200-800IU daily

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14
Q

Vit K

A

Promotes blood clotting
green veggies, milk, soy, eggs
RDA 60-65 mcg
RDA 70-80 mcg

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15
Q

Vit C

A

Promotes healthy gums, aids iron absorption, healing of wounds, main connective tissues, antioxidant
60 mg/day
250-500 no consumption of food rich in vit c

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16
Q

Vit B1

A 
thiamine 
Promotes body turn carbs into energy 
necessary for healthy brain 
whole grains, dried beans, lean meats, liver, wheat germs, nuts, fish
RDA: 1.1 mg women 1.2-1.5 mg men
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17
Q

Vit B2

A 
Riboflavin 
essential for growth 
production of RBC 
healthy eyes and skin 
RDA: 1.2-1.3 mg women 1.4-1.7 mg men
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18
Q

Vit B3

A

Niacin
aids in release of energy from foods
helps maintain healthy skin
nerves and digestive system
lowers elevated blood cholesterol levels
RDA: 13-19 mg
dosing by PCP may cause flushing, irregular heart beat, and liver damage

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19
Q

Vit B5

A

Pantothenic acid
vital to metabolism of food and production of essential body chemicals
whole grains, dried beans, eggs, milk, liver
RDA: no RDA experts recommend 4-7mg

20
Q

Vit B6

A

Cobalamin
promotes importance in chemical reactions of proteins, helps maintain brain function, and formation of RBCs, and may boost immune system in the elderly
Liver, beef, pork, poultry, eggs, dairy, selffish
RDA: 2mcg

21
Q

follic acid

A

Promotes synthesis of DNA, normal growth, protein and metabolism, reduces risk of birth defects, may reduce the risk of cervical cancer
leafy greens, wheat germ, liver, beans, whole grains, broccoli, citrus, fruit
180mcg women
200mcg men
400mcg to prevent birth defects

22
Q

biotin

A

important in metabolism of proteins
eggs, liver, bananas, grains, mushrooms, Brewer’s yeast
RDA: 30-100mcg

23
Q

macrominerals

A 
more than 100mg daily 
calcium 
phosphorus 
sodium 
potassium 
magnesium 
chloride 
sulfur
24
Q

microminerals

A 
less than 100mg daily 
zinc 
manganese
iodine 
fluoride 
copper 
cobalt 
chromium 
selenium
25
Q

Required daily amount of water

A

2400 ml (through drink and food)

26
Q

formula to calculate IDBW

A

45.5kg + 2.3 kg/in

27
Q

D.A.S.H

A

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension

28
Q

physciatric drugs can cause _______ which leads to ______

A

weight gain

non-compliance

29
Q

hernation

A

break in abdominal wall, intestines slip through can led to ischemia and necrosis

30
Q

somatic protein

A

protein in skeletal muscle

31
Q

visceral protein

A

proteins in everything else

32
Q

adhesions

A

scar tissue (bowels coming together)

33
Q

inturussuception

A

bowel folds up inside itself, common in children

34
Q

volvus

A

twisting of the bowels

35
Q

Amprothmetric data

A

aimed at predicting information about the body non invasively

36
Q

cardiac diet

A

sodium and fat restriction
mild 2-3 gm/day
moderate gm/day
severe 500 mg/day

37
Q

GI diets

A

avoid spicy food

38
Q

GU diet

A

decrease calcium intake
cranberry juice
lemonade
increase fluid intake

39
Q

Enteral feeding devices

A

Nasogastric tubes
small bore tubes
gastrostomy tubes
jejunostomy tubes

40
Q

TPN

A

Total parenteral nutrition

high amounts of glucose water fats proteins and vitamins given into circulatory system

41
Q

constipation

A

fewer than 3 bowel movements a week

42
Q

bulk forming laxative

A

builds up stool creating more increasing the urge to go

43
Q

emollient laxative

A

stool softener, decreases water and fat uptake in the bowel

44
Q

lubricant

A

soften the stools and bowels

45
Q

stimulant laxatives

A

stimulates peristalsis

46
Q

positions for enemas

A

knee-chest position
left-side position
Lie on the left with knees bent and arm resting comfortably

47
Q

types of enemas

A

tap water
soapsuds
fleets
normal saline

Health Promotion (14 decks)

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