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Pathology Boards > Gastrointestinal & Esophageal Disorders > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal & Esophageal Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Impaired esophageal peristalsis/lower esophageal sphincter contraction. Occurs in 20-40 yrs, dysphagia-solids & liquids, chest pain, regurgitation, nocturnal cough. “Narrowing”

A

Achalasia

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2
Q

Mucosal membrane across lumen. “WEBS IN YOUR PIPES”

A

Plummer Vinson aka Paterson-Kelly

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3
Q

Varicosities in the esophagus. PORTAL Hypertension.

A

Esophageal Varices

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4
Q

Incompetence of lower esophageal sphincter. Reflux gastric contents, BARRETT’s esophagus which is a CANCER precursor.

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux “GERD”

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5
Q

Outpouching of the mucosa & submucosa posteriorly. Fills with food, possible regurgitation when bending or lying down. “BAD BREATH”

A

Esophageal Diverticula aka ZENKERS

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6
Q

Laceration of distal esophagus & proximal stomach during vomiting, retching, or hiccups. Hemorrhages- ALCOHOLICS.

A

Mallory- Weiss

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7
Q

What type of ulcer is more common Duodenal or Gastric? It is located at the beginning of the small intestine, burning or gnawing pain, vomiting.

A

Duodenal

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8
Q

What type of ulcer is located along the LESSER curvature of the stomach, and it is caused by HELICOBACTER PYLORI & NSAIDS?

A

Gastric

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9
Q

Cancer of the stomach most frequently occurs where? It involves UNEXPLAINED weight loss, unrelenting pain.

A

Greater Curvature

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10
Q

“MALLORY bodies” occur in what disease?

A

Alcoholic Hepatitis

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11
Q

Inflammation of the liver

A

Hepatitis

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12
Q

Secondary to chronic alcohol abuse, “Fatty Liver”

A

Cirrhosis

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13
Q

What organ provides a fertile bed for blood-borne metastases?

A

Liver

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14
Q

Which presents NO DEATH of tissue: Angina or Myocardial infarction? Which one does have DEATH of tissue?

A

Angina; Myocardial Infarction

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15
Q

Diatbetes occurs in the anterior or posterior columns?

A

POSTERIOR

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16
Q

Weakening of the colon wall, a pouch or sac through a defect.

A

Diverticulum

17
Q

Presence of diverticula with NO inflammation is known as..?

A

Diverticulosis

18
Q

INFLAMMATION of diverticular mucosa causing severe ABDOMINAL PAIN, fever, nausea, change in bowel habits is known as…?

A

Diverticulitis

19
Q

An inflammatory bowel disease that has mucosal ulcerations, WATERY stools, not malabsorptive, PSEUDOPOLYPS, MC in rectum/distal colon, and is non-granulomatous. Bloody diarrhea, fever.

A

Ulcerative Colitis

20
Q

Crohns disease is aka?

A

Regional Enteritis

21
Q

Which inflammatory bowel disease has “skip lesions” in the distal ileum, colon. CHRONIC diarrhea, fever. It is Malabsorptive, Fissures/Strictures, Granulomas, Fibrosis.

A

Chron’s Disease/ Regional Enteritis

22
Q

Gas & Distention, PENCIL-THIN stools. Constipation, diarrhea, NO INFLAMATION, No cellular abnormalities, mc 20-40 years.

A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

23
Q

Hirschsprung’s disease is aka?

A

Congenital Megacolon

24
Q

Congenital absence of Meissner’s and Auerbach’s autonomic plexus. MC in colon, could be fatal if not diagnosed in infancy.

A

Hirschsprung’s Disease/ Congenital Megacolon

25
Q

Celiac Disease is also known as what 3 names?

A

Nontropical Sprue, Gluten Enteropathy, Celiac Sprue

26
Q

Hereditary, chronic intestinal malabsorption causing MUCOSAL DAMAGE. Gluten WHEAT intolerance. Patient has STEATORRHEA.

A

Celiac Disease/Nontropical Sprue/ Gluten Enteropathy/ Celiac Sprue

27
Q

Mucosal abnormalities in small bowel. Multiple nutritional deficiencies: SORE TONGUE, DIARRHEA, WEIGHT LOSS. Mc in children 2-3. Aka environmental enteropathy.

A

Tropical Sprue

28
Q

Small bowel infection- progressive and FATAL & lymph obstruction too. SKIN PIGMENTATION, 30-60 years, abdominal pain, cough, weight loss, severe malabsorption.

A

Whipple’s Disease

29
Q

Aggressive peptic ulcer/TUMOR. Can PERFORATE through the lining.

A

Zollinger-Ellison

30
Q

Found in the ASCENDING colon and produces polyps.

A

Gardener’s Syndrome

Pathology Boards (17 decks)

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