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Paediatrics 2 > Gastroenteritis > Flashcards

Gastroenteritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main cause of staphylococcus aureus gastroenteritis?

A

Meat

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2
Q

What is the intubation period for staphylococcus aureus gastroenteritis?

A

Start within 6 hours, resole in 24 hours

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3
Q

How does staphylococcus gastroenteritis present?

A 
severe vomiting (MAIN)
Diarrhoea and abdominal pain 
Hypotension
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4
Q

What is the main cause of Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis?

A

Reheated Rice

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5
Q

What is the intubation period for Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis?

A

Start within 6 hours, resole in 24 hours

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6
Q

How does Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis present?

A

Vomiting (rice) or Diarrhoea

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7
Q

What causes gastroenteritis by salmonella?

A

Raw eggs or poultry

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8
Q

What is the intubation period of salmonella gastroenteritis?

A

Start with 12 hours, resolve in a week

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9
Q

What is the main presentation of salmonella gastroenteritis?

A

Watery diarrhoea and Fever (MAIN)
Vomiting
Abdominal pain

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10
Q

What is the management of salmonella gastroenteritis if it’s severe?

A

Antibiotics

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11
Q

What causes shigella gastroenteritis?

A

Faeces contamination food, water or swimming pool

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12
Q

What is the intubation period for shigella gastroenteritis?

A

start 2-3 days after and resolve in a week

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13
Q

What is the presentation of shigella gastroenteritis?

A

Bloody diarrhoea
Abdominal pain
Fever

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14
Q

What is the management of shigella gastroenteritis if severe?

A

Azathioprine

Ciprofloxacin

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15
Q

Who does E.coli gastroenteritis commonly affect?

A

Travellers

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16
Q

What is the intubation period for E.coli gastroenteritis?

A

starts within 12 hours- 2 days

17
Q

What is the presentation of E.coli gastroenteritis?

A

Abdominal cramps
Watery diarrhoea
Nausea/vomiting

18
Q

What is a complication of E.coli gastroenteritis?

A

E.Coli produces the shiga toxin which destroys blood cells causing HUS

19
Q

What would you not use in the management of E,coli gastroenteritis and why?

A

Don’t use antibiotics as they can increase risk of HUS

20
Q

What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis?

A

Campylobacter Jejuni

21
Q

What are the main causes of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

A

Poultry
Untreated water
Unpasteurised milk

22
Q

What is the intubation period for Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

A

Start within 2-4 days and resolve in a week

23
Q

How does Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis present?

A

Flu like prodrome
Abdominal cramps
Bloody diarrhoea

24
Q

What is the management of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

A

Azathioprine

Ciprofloxacin

25
Q

What is the main complication of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

A

weakness in legs after severe gastroenteritis- Guillain Barre syndrome

26
Q

How does Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis appear on microscopy?

A

Characteristic seagull shaped

27
Q

What is Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis the main cause of?

A

Persistent travellers diarrhoea

28
Q

What is the intubation period of Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis?

A

Start in over a week, last 1-4 weeks

29
Q

How does Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis present?

A

foul smelling diarrhoea- persistent travellers diarrhoea

30
Q

What is the management of Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis?

A

Metronidazole

31
Q

What helps to prevent gastroenteritis?

A

Good hygiene helps prevent gastroenteritis.

32
Q

What should you do with a patient who has developed symptoms?

A

They should immediately be isolated to prevent spread.

33
Q

What is important to prevent spread in a hospital?

A

Barrier nursing and rigorous infection control

34
Q

What is the management of a child with gastroenteritis?

A

Children need to stay off school until 48 hours after the symptoms have completely resolved.

35
Q

How is gastroenteritis diagnosed?

A

A sample of the faeces can be tested with microscopy, culture and sensitivities to establish the causative organism and antibiotic sensitivities.

36
Q

Which children might require IV fluids?

A

Dehydrated children or those that fail the fluid challenge

37
Q

What are NOT recommended in the management of gastroenteritis?

A

Anti-diarrheal medication- loperamide

Antiemetic medication such as metoclopramide

38
Q

What are possible complications of gastroenteritis?

A
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Guillain–Barré syndrome

Paediatrics 2 (47 decks)

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