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Clinical Medicine LAB - Professor Sample > Gastro IV ( Hepatitis) > Flashcards

Gastro IV ( Hepatitis) Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for Tissue Transglutaminase (tTG) IgA and IgG Antibodies?

A

Monitoring celiac disease:

Will be negative in a pt on gluten-free diet (IgG decreases over 6-12 months

**first test you do when looking for celiacs disease , and it has to be active disease to find the ABS *

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2
Q

Antibodies test explanation?

A

Gliadin and gluten are proteins found in wheat

Cause direct mucosal damage when ingested by pt with celiac

**they induce an autoimmune reaction in the bowel and you get a smooth bowel wall creating problems *

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3
Q

Indication for lactose intolerance test?

A

Used to identify pts with lactose intolerance caused by:

Lactase insufficiency
Intestinal malabsorption
Maldigestion
Bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine

**can break down lactose cause they do not have the lactase enzyme ( lactase insufficiency)*

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4
Q

lactose is broken up into what by what enzyme?

A

galactose and glucose by lactase

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5
Q

Test explanation lactose intolerance?

A

Lactose load is given

Serum glucose levels are checked at 30,60, and 120 minutes after lactose PO

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6
Q

lactose intolerance test abnormal ?

A

No rise in glucose

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7
Q

lactose intolerance test normal ?

A

Rise in glucose levels by >20 mg/dL

**if they break down lactose then we should see a rise in glucose ( check at 30, 60, 120 min)
*

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8
Q

Uncommon Hepatitis ?

A

D , E

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9
Q

Common Hepatitis?

A

A, B, C

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10
Q

Hep A incubation period?

A

2-6 weeks

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11
Q

Hep A transmission?

A

fecal oral

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12
Q

Hep A. testing: HAV RNA?

A

direct detection ( directly detect the virus)

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13
Q

Hep A. testing: HAV-Ab/IgM appears?

A

4-6 wks

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14
Q

Hep A. testing: HAV-Ab/IgG appears?

A

8-12 wks

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15
Q

Hep A. testing: HAV-Ab/IgG gone?

A

10 yrs

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16
Q

Hep A. testing: HAV-Ab/IgM gone?

A

3-4 mo

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17
Q

Hep C is what type of pathogen?

A

blood borne

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18
Q

Hep C incubation period?

A

2-12 wks

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19
Q

Hep C is chronic in what percentage of patients?

A

60%

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20
Q

Hep C testing: HCV-Ab/IgG appears?

A

3-4 mo

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21
Q

Hep C testing: HCV-Ab/IgG gone?

A

2 yrs

22
Q

Hep C testing: HCV RNA?

A

direct detection

monitor tx.

23
Q

Hep D causes _____ hepatitis?

A

delta

24
Q

Hep D need what to enter liver and be infective?

A

Hep BV

25
Q

Hep D testing: HDV-Ag?

A

directly after infection

or use:

HDV-Ab/IgM

26
Q

What is the testing with Hep. E?

A

no testing

27
Q

Hep B incubation period?

A

5wks-6mo

28
Q

Transmission of Hep B?

A

blood transfusion

bodily fluids

29
Q

Hep B antigens?

A

HBsAg
HBeAg

**
c - core antigen
e- enveloping antigen
s- surface antigen
*
30
Q

Hep B antibodies?

A

HBsAb

HBcAb/IgM

HBcAb/Total

HBeAb

31
Q

What Hep B test indicate a active infection?

A

HBsAg

32
Q

What is the most common Hep B test?

A

HBsAg

33
Q

HBsAg for Hep B appears?

A

4-12 wks

34
Q

HBsAg for Hep B gone in?

A

1-3 mo

35
Q

What Hep B testing indicates the end of acute infection?

A

HBsAb

36
Q

HBsAb signifies ________ to subsequent infection

A

immunnity

37
Q

HBsAb appears in?

A

3-10 mo

38
Q

HBsAb is gone in?

A

6-10 yrs

39
Q

What Hep B test correlates with early and active infection and is an index of infectivity?

A

HBeAg

**its an index of infectivity - the more infective the person is - the first few weeks they are more infective ( contagious)*

40
Q

HBeAg appears ?

A

1-3 wks

**This si what we look for early on in disease, and it shows up before the SA
*

41
Q

HBeAg is gone?

A

in 6-8 wks

42
Q

HBeAb indicates that acute infection is _____ and that infectivity is ______?

A

over

lower

43
Q

HBeAb appears in?

A

4-6 wks

44
Q

HBeAb is gone in?

A

4-6 years

45
Q

HBcAb is the only detectable sign of HBV during the ____ _______

A

core window

present with chronic hep.

** core window - between the detection of the antigen and the response of the ABS and stays elevated in chronic infection*

46
Q

What is the test for HBV viral loads?

A

HBV-DNA, RT—PCR

47
Q

what is the number that indicates a inactive infection ?

A

viral load of <300 copies/ml

** always want to get out patients with chronic infections down to a undetectable viral load *

48
Q

EGD uses?

A

Infectious esophagitis
shallow ulcers or deep ulcers

Mallory-Weiss Tear
linear tear with bleeding

Esophageal varices - band / cauterize it

Barret’s - salmon/orange colored mucosa

Adenocarcinoma
ulcerated with heaped borders

Gastritis - inflammation of stomach lining

PUD - look at lesions or bx.

Gastroparesis - use other test ——scintograophy or gastric emptying study

Gastric outlet obstruction

49
Q

Barium swallow is used for?

A

Achalasia
parrot’s beak

Esophageal spasm
corkscrew/ rosary bead

Esophageal stenosis
filling defect/narrowing ( where stenotic area is)

Zenker’s diverticulum
see pouch

Adenocarcinoma
filling defect

Gastroparesis

gastrinoma - check gastrin levels

50
Q

ECRP uses?

A

Acute cholangitis

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Clinical Medicine LAB - Professor Sample (36 decks)

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