Gastro-Intestinal Anatomy (part II)

Question 1

What does the biliary tree consist of

Answer 1

Right and left hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
Cystic duct
common Bile duct
main pancreatic ducts

Question 2

the right and left hepatic ducts join to form what

Answer 2

Common hepatic duct

Question 3

the cystic duct of the gallbladder joins with what to form the common bile duct

Answer 3

the common hepatic duct

Question 4

the triangle between the cystic duct, common hepatic duct and the liver is known as what

Answer 4

Callot’s triangle

Question 5

Callot’s triangle, formed by the cystic duct, the common hepatic duct and the liver, contains what

Answer 5

the cystic artery

Question 6

the Common bile duct travels in the free edge of what

Answer 6

the lesser omentum

Question 7

why traveling in the free edge of the lesser omentum it also travels with what

Answer 7

proper hepatic artery and the portal vein

Question 8

the common bile duct passes through what

Answer 8

the head of the pancreas

Question 9

after passing through the head of the pancreas the common bile duct is joined by what

Answer 9

the main pancreatic duct

Question 10

after joining with the main pancreatic duct both the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct opens up where

Answer 10

into the second part of the duodenum

Question 11

the opening of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct into the duodenum is guarded by what

Answer 11

the smooth muscle Sphincter of Oddi

Question 12

The gallbladder can contain how much bile

Answer 12

50cc’s

Question 13

where does the gallbladder lie in the body

Answer 13

in a fossa in the liver between the right and quadrate lobes

Question 14

the gallbladder has four parts. What are they

Answer 14

fundus
body
neck
cystic duct

Question 15

The small intestine lies between what

Answer 15

the duodenum and the large intestine

Question 16

the small intestine is subdivided into what

Answer 16

the proximal part and the distal part

Question 17

the proximal part of the SI is what

Answer 17

Jejunum and it occupies the upper left part of the abdomen, is thicker, wider and more vascular than the distal part

Question 18

The distal par of the SI is what

Answer 18

the Ileum and it occupies the lower right part of the abdomen and is thinner, narrower and less vascular than the proximal part

Question 19

The mesentery of the jejunum has large what

Answer 19

translucent windows, with few large vascular arcades with longer and fewer vasa recta

Question 20

the mesentery of the ileum small what

Answer 20

opaque windows, numerous smaller arcades and numerous short vasa recta

Question 21

The ileum has numerous lymphoid aggregates called what

Answer 21

Peyer’s patches (Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue)

Question 22

the Superior mesenteric artery supplies all of the what

Answer 22

SI and Large intestine up to the Proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon

Question 23

The large intestine has what that the SI does not

Answer 23

Haustra, teniae coli, appendices epiploica and a large diameter

Question 24

The Colon is subdivided into what

Answer 24

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

Question 25

the appendix is approximately how long

Answer 25

4" long

Question 26

the appendix is an out-pouching from the posteriomedial aspect of what

Answer 26

the cecum where the teniae coli meet

Question 27

the appendix is suspended by what

Answer 27

the mesoappendix

Question 28

the colon is located where?

Answer 28

Behind the cecum (65%) in pelvis (30%) either Retro-ileal or pre-ileal (5%)

Question 29

the colon is supplied by what

Answer 29

the appendicular artery

Question 30

The colon is located where

Answer 30

at McBurney's point - 2/3 along a line from the umbilicus and ASIS

Question 31

The large intestine is derived from both the midgut and therefore supplied by what

Answer 31

Superior and Inferior Mesenteric arteries

Question 32

there is a watershed area in the large intestine which is located where

Answer 32

at the junction of the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon and the distal third transverse colon

Question 33

where do lymphatics of the colon drain

Answer 33

first to the pericolic, then to paracolic to mesenteric to para-aortic nodes

Question 34

The sigmoid colon continues as what

Answer 34

the rectum

Question 35

The rectum is how long

Answer 35

5"

Question 36

the Rectum has how man curves

Answer 36

three curves

Question 37

The lower part of the rectum is dilated and known as

Answer 37

the ampulla

Question 38

The upper third of the rectum is covered by what

Answer 38

pelvic peritoneum on the anterior and lateral sides

Question 39

The middle third of the colon is covered by what and where

Answer 39

peritoneum only on the anterior aspect

Question 40

the lower third of the colon is covered by what and where

Answer 40

(trick) it is not covered by any peritoneum and is considered retroperitoneal

Question 41

the rectum is supplied by what

Answer 41

the superior rectal branch of the Inferior Mesenteric artery

Question 42

the rectum is derived from what

Answer 42

the hind gut

Question 43

the rectum drains into what

Answer 43

the inferior mesenteric nodes

Question 44

the rectum continues as what

Answer 44

the anal canal once it passes through the pelvic diaphragm

Question 45

The anal canal is how long

Answer 45

1.5"

Question 46

the anal canal is derived from what

Answer 46

two embryological origins - endoderm and ectoderm

Question 47

the anal canal has a junction between the ectoderm and endoderm derived parts known as what

Answer 47

the pectineal line

Question 48

The columns of Morgagni are longitudinal folds in the anal canal located where

Answer 48

above the pectineal line

Question 49

the columns of Morgagni in the anal canal are connected where

Answer 49

inferiorly by mucosal folds called the valves of Ball

Question 50

where do the anal glands open

Answer 50

behind the valves of Ball

Question 51

where is the anal canal oriented directionally

Answer 51

posteriorly and inferiorly

Question 52

the anal canal is guarded by two sphincters known as what

Answer 52

Internal circular sphincter | external sphincter

Question 53

the internal circular sphincter of the anal canal is made up of what

Answer 53

smooth muscle

Question 54

the external sphincter of the anal canal is made up of three parts; deep, superficial and submucosal and is made up of

Answer 54

skeletal muscle

Question 55

The external sphincter is supplied by what

Answer 55

inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve

Question 56

The pectinate line (pectineal) is an important line separating what

Answer 56

the upper anal have from the lower

Question 57

the upper half of the anal canal is derived from what

Answer 57

endoderm (hind gut) and is insensitive to pain

Question 58

the blood supply to the upper have of the anal canal is supplied by what

Answer 58

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 59

the lymphatics from the upper have of the anal canal drains into what

Answer 59

inferior mesenteric nodes

Question 60

the lower have of the anal canal is derived from what

Answer 60

ectoderm and is sensitive to pain

Question 61

the blood supply to the lower half of the anal canal is from what

Answer 61

inferior rectal branch of the internal pudendal artery

Question 62

the inferior rectal branch of the internal pudendal artery is a branch of what

Answer 62

the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

Question 63

the lymphatic from the lower half of the anal canal drains into what

Answer 63

the lateral group of Superficial Inguinal nodes in the groin