Anatomical triangles Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the sub-occipital triangle
- Rectus capitis posterior major (C2 spinous process to occiput)
- obliquus capitis superior (C1 transverse process to occiput)
- obliquus capitis inferior (C2 Spinous process to C1 transverse process)
What is the roof of the sub-occipital triangle
deep fascia covered by semispinalis capitis
What makes up the floor of the sub-occipital triangle
Posterior arch of C1 and posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
what are the contents of the suboccipital triangle
the 3rd part of the vertebral artery, suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) and suboccipital veins
ALL the muscles forming the boundaries of the suboccipital triangle are supplied by what nerve
dorsal ramus of C1
What are the boundaries of the anterior cervical triangle
Anterior midline, inferior ramus of mandible and anterior border of SCM
what makes up the roof of the anterior cervical triangle
skin, superficial fascia and investing layer of deep cervical fascia
What are the contents of the anterior cervical triangle
carotid, submandibular, and submental and muscular triangles
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle
SCM, posterior belly of digastric and superior belly of omohyoid
what is the roof of the carotid triangle
skin, subcutaneous fascia and investing layer of deep cervical fascia
what is the floor of the carotid triangle made up of
hyoglossus, middle and inferior constrictor muscles
What are the contents of the Carotid triangle
CN XI, XII and the carotid sheath containing common carotid artery, internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and CN X. Lying anterior to the carotid sheath are lymph nodes and ansa cervicalis
The submandibular triangle is also known as what
digastric triangle
what are the boundaries of the Submandibular triangle
posterior and anterior bellies of the digastric and inferior ramus of mandible
what is the roof of the submandibular triangle
skin superficial fascia
what makes up the floor of the submandibular triangle
mylohyoid, hyoglossus and part of the middle constrictors
What are the contents of the submandibular triangle
submandibular glands, nodes, facial vein and artery, hypoglossal and mylohyoid nerve
Submental triangle is also known as what
suprahyoid triangle
what are the boundaries of the submental trianlge
anterior bellies of both digastric hyoid bone
what is the roof of the submental triangle
skin, subcutaneous fascia
what is the floor of the submental triangle
mylohyoid muscles
what are the contents of the submental triangle
submental lymph nodes and submental veins
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle
SCM, superior belly of omohyoid and anterior midline of neck
what makes up the roof of the muscular triangle
skin and superficial fascia
what are the contents of the muscular triangle
sternohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles, thyroid, trachea and larynx
The posterior cervical triangle is subdivided by what
inferior belly of omohyoid into the occipital and supraclavicular triangle
What are the boundaries of the posterior cervical triangle
SCM, trapezius and middle third of the clavicle
what makes up the roof of the posterior cervical triangle
Skin, superficial fascia, platysma and investing layer of deep cervical fascia
What makes up the floor of the posterior cervical triangle
splenius capitis, levator scapulae, scalenus posterior, medius and anterior
What are the contents of the posterior cervical triangle
- (6 vessels) Subclavian artery, suprascapular, transverse cervical, occipital arteries, the subclavian and external jugular vein
- (7 nerves) great auricular, lesser occipital, supraclavicular, transverse cervical nerves, trunks of the brachial plexus and CN XI
- Clinically Oriented anatomy includes also the phrenic nerve
What are the boundaries of the triangle of auscultation
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi and the bedial border of the scapular
what makes up the roof of the triangle of auscultation
skin and superficial fascia
what makes up the floor of the triangle of auscultation
the rhomboid major
what are the contents of the triangle of auscultation
there are none
what is the lumbar triangle also known as
triangle of Petit
what are the boundaries of the lumbar triangle
latissimus dorsi, external oblique and iliac crest
what makes up the roof of the lumbar triangle
skin and superficial fascia
what is the floor of the lumbar triangle
transverse abdominis
what are the contents of the lumbar triangle
there are none
The inguinal triangle is also known as
Triangle of Hesselbach
what are the boundaries of the inguinal triangle
rectus abdominis, inferior epigastric vessels and inguinal ligamens
The inguinal ligament is the infolding of what
The lower end of the aponeurosis of external oblique and extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle
What is the roof of the inguinal triangle
skin and external oblique aponeurosis
what is the floor of the inguinal triangle
transversalis fascia
What passes through Hesselbach’s triangle
Direct hernias
what passes through the deep inguinal ring which is due to a defect in the transversalis fascia
indirect hernias
The femoral triangle is also known as
the triangle of scarpa
what are the boundaries of the lumbar triangle
the inguinal ligament, medial boarders of sartorius and adductor longus
What is the roof of the femoral triangle
skin, superficial fascia and fascia lata
what makes up the floor of the temoral triangle
iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus
what are the contents of the femoral triangle
femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and femoral canal
The femoral artery, vein and canal lie inside of what
the femoral sheath
the femoral sheath is formed from what
the fascia related to the transversalis and iliacus muscles
where does the femoral nerve lie in relation to the femoral sheath
outside
