Gas exchange

Question 1

the _____________ is responsible for carrying gas of respiration

Answer 1

circulatory system

Question 2

The basic components of gas transfer

Answer 2

• breathing movement, ventilation no stagnation
• diffusion of O2, Co2 across respiratory epithelium
• bulk resport of gases by blood
• diffusion of gases across epithelium

Question 3

total pressure is

Answer 3

the sum of all the partial pressures

Question 4

the partial press of 02 in. the tissue is significantly lower at _______________

Answer 4

facilitating diffusion

Question 5

Because respiration uses diffusion ATP is not necessary , it is an entirely _____________

Answer 5

passive process

Question 6

Each bodily area of respiration is driven by ________________________

Answer 6

partial pressure and passive diffusion

Question 7

____________ are move down their concentration. gradients during respiration

Answer 7

O2 and CO2

Question 8

________ made of a protein and a metal

Answer 8

respiratory pigment

Question 9

Example of respiratory pigments

Answer 9

hemoglobin and myoglobin

Question 10

What is the purpose of respiratory pigments

Answer 10

they bind oxygen cooperatively and carry it throughout the blood

Question 11

myoglobin and hemoglobin serve different ______________________

Answer 11

physiological needs for oxygen because of their vastly differ affinities for oxygen

Question 12

__________ has a high P50 and thus a lower oxygen affinity

Answer 12

hemoglobins

Question 13

_________ has a very low p50 and thus a very high 02 affinity

Answer 13

myoglobin

Question 14

myoglobin serves a s a _________________

Answer 14

reservoir of oxygen, like an emergency battery

Question 15

____________ describes the effect of protons and CO2 on the binding affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin

Answer 15

Bohr effect

Question 16

Because of the Bohr effect as ph increases ___________________

Answer 16

O2 affinity decreases

*more acidic/ more protons lower affinity

Question 17

Because of the Bohr effect, increases in CO2 concentration results in decreased ____________

Answer 17

O2 affinity

Question 18

Bohr effect describes how we can more effectively deliver

Answer 18

oxygen to the tissues

Question 19

During bird ventilation, in order to facilitate double the amount of fresh air

Answer 19

there is not a direct pathway for ventilation

Question 20

________ allow for one way ventilation (expansion and contraction during inhalation and exhalation) in a bird

Answer 20

air sacs

Question 21

fresh air passes across parabronuhi during _______ this increases efficiency exponentially

Answer 21

inspiration or expiration

Question 22

During insect respiration _________ reduce water loss by producing pressure gradient

Answer 22

spiracles

Question 23

Spiracles open and close in order to produce a

Answer 23

pressure gradient

Question 24

air breathing bottle makes a ____________ and uses surface tension to stick to abdomen

Answer 24

bubble

Question 25

The bubble breathing battle allows for

Answer 25

7x more oxygen in bubble

increasing pressure on the bubble is increasing the diffusion of oxygen on spiracles

Question 26

The ________________________ go up with increasing depth.

Answer 26

pressure and partial pressure

Question 27

The deeper under water the ______________ rises while the __________ of insect remains constant

Answer 27

pressure of oxygen

pressure of oxygen

Question 28

____________a biological mechanism designed to enable maximum exchange between two fluids. The mechanism’s effect is dependent on the two fluids flowing in opposite directions, and having a concentration gradient between them. fluid ONE. high concentration → low concentration.

Answer 28

Countercurrent exchange

Question 29

In countercurrent exchange a ____________ is better for diffusion

Answer 29

small diffusion resistance

Question 30

in countercurrent exchange a large diffusion resistance results in an increase in gradient making _________________

Answer 30

diffusion more difficult

Question 31

_________ the fluids move in the same direction

Answer 31

concurrent flow

Question 32

Concurreert flow is driven by ____________

Answer 32

pressure gradient

Question 33

In multicapilarry diffusion is ______________

Answer 33

small and rapid