Gametes, Genes and Alleles Flashcards

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1
Q

Gamete

A

sex cell

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2
Q

fertilisation

A

when 2 gametes fuse to create a diploid. The diploid cell goes through mitosis and becomes an embryo. Over time, the embryonic cell begins to differentiate to create vital organs

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3
Q

nucleotide consists of

A

phosphate group
nitrogenous base
pentose sugar

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4
Q

4 bases of dna

A

a
t
c
g
they make a double helix structure

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5
Q

bonds between bases

A

hydrogen bonds

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6
Q

dominant allele

A

the allele that will override the recessive allele, resulting in the dominant alleles phenotype

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7
Q

recessive allele

A

the allele that is overridden by the dominant allele and has no effect over the dominant allele

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8
Q

homozygous

A

AA or aa

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9
Q

hetrozygous

A

Aa

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10
Q

genotype

A

the alleles for a certain characteristic that are found in an organism

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11
Q

phenotype

A

visible characteristics produced by a certain set of alleles

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12
Q

zygote

A

fertilised egg cell

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13
Q

type of haploid cell

A

gamete

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14
Q

haploid

A

have half the number of chromosomes
2 haploids make a diploid

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15
Q

what is a genetic disease

A

a disease that is inherited

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