Gait Assessment Flashcards
What are the 2 phases of normal walking cycle?
Stance Phase
Swing Phase
what is the stance phase divided into?
Heel strike
flat foot
mid-stance
push-off (toe-off)
what happens during the stance phase?
~activity that occurs when the foot is in contact with the ground
~begins with heel strike of one foot and ends when that foot hits the ground
~Approx 60% of the gait cycle
What are the 3 components of swing phase?
acceleration
midswing
deceleration
what happens in the swing phase
~occurs when the foot is not in contact with the ground
~Begins when the foot leaves the ground and ends when the heel of the same foot hits the ground
~Approx 40% of the gait cycle
what is double support?
~occurs when both feet are in contact with the ground at the same time
~between heel off and toe off of one limb and between heel strike and flat foot of the contralateral limb
~10% of the gait cycle
what is non-support?
Neither foot is in contact with the ground
does not occur with walking, just running
What is single support?
only one foot is in contact with the ground
approx 40% of the cycle
What is a step?
a period of double support and single support
what is normal step length?
15 inches
what is spastic hemipresis
Arm flexed against body, shoulder adducted, leg stiff, extended and circumducts with each step
What is cerebellar ataxia?
Staggering with wide base of support, defective muscle co-ordination
What is Parkinsonian?
Body forward, step shuffling, hesitant to start walking and difficulty to stop suddenly, body rigid
What is scissor gait?
Knees cross over or are in contact, short steps, lots of effort
what is steppage/footdrop?
Slapping quality
what is waddling
weak hip muscles, with step - opposite hip drops causing compensatory lateral movement of pelvis
What is short leg?
Leg length discrepancy, short side dips as the person walks
