Gait Flashcards
What are the two phases of walking?
Stance phase
Swing phase
Stance accounts for what percentage of the gait cycle?
60%
Swing phase accounts for what percentage of the gait cycle?
40%
What can the stance phase be divided into?
Heel strike
Support
Toe-off phase
What happens in heel strike?
Foot hits ground, heel first
Which muscles are involved in the heel strike? What are their functions?
Gluteus maximus - decelerates lower limb
Quadriceps femoris - keeps knee joint extended
Anterior compartment of leg - maintains dorsiflexion of ankle joint
What happens in the support phase?
Foot is flat on ground
Muscles cope with force through leg
Which muscles are involved in the support phase?
Quadriceps femoris - keeps knee joint extended
Foot inverters and everters - contract in balanced way, stabilise foot
Gluteus minimus, medius and tensor fascia - abduct lower limb, keep pelvis level
What happens in the toe-off phase?
Foot prepares to leave the ground, toes last
Which muscles are involved in the toe-off phase?
Hamstring muscles - extends at hip joint
Quadriceps femoris - keeps knee joint extended
Posterior leg muscles - plantarflex ankle joint
What can the swing phase be divided into?
Leg lift
Swing
What is leg lift?
Raising lower limb
Which muscles are involved in leg lift?
Iliopsoas, rectus femoris - flex at hip joint, move knee forwards
Hamstring muscles - flex at knee joint
Anterior compartment of leg - dorsiflexes ankle joint
What is swing?
Raised leg moves forwards
Which muscles are involved in swing? What are their functions?
Iliopsoas and rectus femoris - keeps hip joint flexed
Quadriceps femoris - extends knee joint
Anterior compartment of leg - maintains ankle joint dorsiflexion for heel strike
