G3 Woche 10 I Flashcards

1
Q

In German, the genitive case denotes…

A

possession of a noun (where ‘s or ‘of’ would be used in english).

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2
Q

An old lady’s car (genetive)

A

Der Wagen einer alten Dame

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3
Q

‘The’ in the genitive:

A

des (M), der (F), des (N), der (PL)

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4
Q

5 common prepositions that force the genitive for the following noun:
outside of, in spite of, during, because of, in spite of this…

A

außerhalb
trotz
während
wegen
trotzdem

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5
Q

outside of [genitive]

A

außerhalb

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6
Q

in spite of (this) [genitive]

A

trotz(dem)

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7
Q

during [genitive]

A

während

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8
Q

because of [genitive]

A

wegen

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9
Q

Rules of separable prefix verbs:
1. when conjugated?
2. forming the past participle?
3. when the infinite is preceeded by ‘zu’?

A
  1. stem stays in second position while prefix shifts to the end of the sentence.
  2. The ‘ge-‘ is inserted BETWEEN the prefix and stem
  3. the ‘zu-‘ is inserted BETWEEN the prefix and stem
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10
Q

I’m inviting my friend for Saturday.

A

Ich lade mein Freund für Sonnabend ein.

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11
Q

I hope to come tomorrow

A

Ich hoffe, morgen zu kommen.

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12
Q

I am trying to find a quiet bar.

A

Ich versuche, eine ruhige Bar zu finden.

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13
Q

[I recently attempted] [to build a Viking longship -or ‘drakkar’- out of clay.]

A

[Ich habe vor kurzem versucht] , [ein Wikinger-Langschiff - oder ‘drakkar’ - aus Ton zu bauen.]

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14
Q

You’ve persuaded me

A

Du hast mich überredet

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15
Q

Connectors that show purpose e.g. English ‘to’

German equivalent?

A

Sentences in which the first part makes a statement and the second explains why, in English are most often connected with ‘to’/’in order to’.

The German equivalent is ‘um’

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16
Q

I’m going to buy some sliced meat, to prepare my breakfast tomorrow.

A

Ich werde etwas Aufschnitt kaufen, um morgen mein Frühstück vorzubereiten.

17
Q

I have to get up early, to geta few hours of study in.

A

Ich muss früh aufstehen, um ein paar Stunden zu lernen.

18
Q

3 most common words used to connect two parts of a sentence with the same subject:

A

um, ohne, statt

19
Q

[I can’t prepare a picnic] , [without buying some cold cuts.]

A

[Ich kann kein Picknick vorbereiten] , [ohne etwas Aufschnitt zu kaufen.]

20
Q

The lady goes into town. She goes shopping.
=>
The lady goes into town to go shopping.

A

Die Dame geht in die Stadt. Sie kauft ein.
=>
Sie Dame geht in die Stadt, um einzukaufen.

21
Q

Forming the passive voice:

A

werden + past participle

22
Q

While passive sentence structure in both languages is mostly similar, the passive in German differs from English by…

A

… using ‘werden’ (to become) as the auxiliary instead of ‘to be’ AND the indirect object in a German passive sentence must remain an IO (compared to English which changes it to the subject).

23
Q

What is cancelled out in the passive future tense?

A

The second instance of ‘werden’ => since werden is used to form both the future and the passive, it is only used once, in the second position.

24
Q

We will be tested in French next week. [Future passive]

A

Wir werden nächste Woche in Französisch geprüft (werden). [second werden cancelled out]

25
Q

In the present perfect (past) tense, the modal verb…

A

… is placed at the end of the sentence, in the infinitive. (after the infinitive of the main verb, i.e. first habe, the main verb, then lastly modal verb)

26
Q

I had to help the neighbours. [Present perfect with modal]

A

Ich habe den Nachbarn helfen müssen.

27
Q

The present perfect is…

A

the most common past tense in literary use, and the main one used in conversational German.

28
Q

I had my car washed.

A

Ich habe meinen Wagen waschen lassen.

29
Q

I have never been able to do that.

A

Das habe ich nie gekonnt.

30
Q

have become [present perfect (i.e past tense)] in the present voice

A

ist/ sind geworden