G3 Flashcards
Exposed concrete members must be supported until they have gained their full design strength. The shoring that is placed under these recently stripped slabs is called
Re-shoring
What type of tool should be used to pry forms loose when stripping?
Wood pegs, wood bars
Why must rustification be removed very carefully
To prevent damage to green concrete
Explain the stripping process for foundation forms?
Orderly, and safely remove cleats, 2x4s, Walers and ties, sheathing
Explain how to strip and lift gang form panels?
Use fall protection, partially stripped, attached tagline and crane, tension crane, finished stripping, clear area
How to lift and strip slab tables
Use fall protection, lower Jack onto dollies, attach lines to core, roll out quarter way, attached first pair of strings, roll out and attach second pairs of slings, detached lines to core, hoist out
Do not lean gang panels against one another without accommodate bracing. At what wind gusting is the limit for not lifting panels?
55 kph or 35 mph
What is spalling?
For example when you’re stripping away the sheathing and the restification strip comes with it and pulls the trunk of green concrete that green concrete is called spall.
Concrete being removed with the uninstallation process
When may form be removed from any suspended concrete work?
Once authorization from the project engineer
When stripping is occurred on formwork what should be the first thing done
Cleaned, oiled and carefully piled in a dry location
In a ramification strip what can be made for ease of removal and what characteristic should be of the material?
Would free of knots, a soccer for the middle of the back, soaked in oil in wood for a few days is good
Requirements for footings?
Correctly dimensioned.
Level, not required but is good practice.
Positioned accurately
What is the maximum vertical step allowed for a step footing?
24 in / 600 mm
One simple outside footing forms are in place, how are the inside forms position?
Using cleats as spacers, and staked in place
What are the first few steps before placing wall forms?
Strip off the cleats, sweep the footies clean, Mark the foundation wall locations with Chalk lines
How are the bottom plates fastened to a concrete footing?
Hand nails if the concrete hasn’t cured, with power actuated fasteners if it has
Where is the bracing usually a place?
Outside corners
Why is the construction of an outside corner of a concrete walls form so important?
Because there are concrete pressures from two directions
Why must high quality forms be used in architectural concrete?
Because the concrete will be left exposed as the wall final finish
How many times can a concrete form be reused if properly looked out after? What should be done to prolong concrete forms usable life
Hundreds of times. Do not overzealously use nails when nailing or stripping
What are kickers used for forming single or double Waler walls
To lock the outside corners
Explain how to install a wedge for a double Waler?
The wedge should be installed so that the snap tie bottom is midway between the walers. Do not overdrive the wedge. Secure the witch against vibration with at least one duplex nail
How are Waler bars removed?
Hammer the tires parallel to the width to break them out of their break back point
What is attached to the rough door and window box to keep the finished door a window frame for moving after the frames are installed?
Reverse key
What are three uses for rustification strips?
Decorative, you says a leveling strip to hide construction joints, use to create control joint
How is the height of finish concrete wall indicated if a level strip is not used?
Driving nails into formwork along a chalk line at the desired poor height.
How is a bulkhead made easier to strip?
Made of lumber instead of plywood, very important when dowels protrude through the bulkhead.
Describe how to set a bulkhead in the steel form?
Brace to the ties outside of the bulkhead.
What is attached to a wall form to create a pocket for a beam
Block out
Why shouldn’t any of the sides, tops, or bottoms of bulks run the full length of the bulk?
To accommodate ease of stripping
What do Keys prevent of two members shifting how?
They prevent lateral shifting of team members
What is a bulkhead?
A bulkhead is an end face of a section of form work, acting as a vertical support to the cement. Bulkheads are required at all places where the top of the foundation’s walls step in height
The term …… Also applies to blocks of wood there used to hold members such as steals beams precisely in position during concrete placement.
Block out
What is the typical size for leveling strips in forms for the height of the concrete?
19x38 mm 1x2s are used to indicate the top of a concrete level sometimes their chamfer strips
The Gap left by a leveling strip also Acts for the sheathing to overlap the foundation
Forming a legend of concrete wall is also known as what?
Offset
Work columns are supported on a foundation’s wall and are built out what is that typically called
Pilasters
When bracing your forms what angle should the brace be at?
53°
What’s the benefit of using gang forms for spacing?
Instead of ties being played 16 on center as for built in place forms they’ll be space 72 inch on center gang forms are heavy and required crane to move an erect
What is a T panel
Where a T is in the concrete wall
Waler bars, that was used in the shop practicum what must the bars overlap?
Must overlap plywood edges but not necessary have to overlap other bars
To maintain a maximum deflection of 1:400 for architectural concrete the support supply would forms applies must have to be closer together than?
16 inch on center
What’s the difference between a single and a double Waler?
The single Waler: there’s no studs, so the walers go directly on the sheathing where on the double it would go on top of the studs.
Single Waler system automatically normally uses vertically sheathing panels and horizontal panels when this is done. Walers are required at all….. Panel joints
Horizontal
The double Waler system uses horizontal panels, vertical studs and horizontal walersm studs are required at all…… Panel joints
Vertical
Reinforcing bars, the rebar must be at least 3 in clear from the ground and
50 mm / 2 in clear from the sides of the footing form
In the BC building code requirements that a footing must be at least 4 in thick and the projection should not exceed the footing thickness what does this mean?
If the projection is 18 in then the depth of the depth needs to be 18 in
What angle are keyways?
15 to 20° and the blackout is coated with form oil
When making footings what’s a footing ladder
Building footings forms with pre-built lighters is faster and more accurate than simply simple forms. The ladder consists normally 2 in boards held together and space the part by cleats. Top cleats are normally wooden usually 1x4. Bottom cleats, if needed are often made with metal bandings or straps. Bottom cleats made from wood make the lighters easy to remove and easy to place when wooden 1x4 straps left under the concrete footings will rot and this is not good practice
How do you figure out the circumference of a circle?
Pie * diameter equals circumference
How do you figure out the area of a circle
Pi times radius times radius.
Pie x radius2
The area of a circle is pi times the radius squared (A = π r²)
How do you determine the volume of a column.
You figure out the radius.
Pi * radius times radius equals area of a circle 🔴
(🔴 Area of a circle)X the height of the column will equal volume.
Board feet calculation
Each board foot is 144 cubic inches of lumber. 12 * 12 * 1 contains one board foot.
Board foot is abbreviated as bfm or BM.
How do you figure out how many tires and brackets do you need using the center line for a single Waler system
Centerline Preimeter, divided by the spacing of studs 16 on center and multiply by the number of rows of ties
What order should the carpenter use when planning the form layout
Corners and t-panel locations, then steps, full panels and infill.
For what height of foundation wall does WCB require certification by a p.eng?
4 m / 13 ft
Is the p.eng required to clarify gang form drawings
Yes
If the design is required to be certified by p.eng., one must the inspection be done by the p.eng?
Immediately before placement of concrete or other intended loadings
What is architectural concrete
Surfaces that will be left exposed to view
What is the serious drawback by using fiber form tubes for column forms
They can only be exposed limitedly to getting wet
When estimating for material how much should you allow for up to waste
Typically around 5%
What nails should be used for and cream bulk outs, bulkheads, strong backs and walers
Duplex nails
Form panels should be attached by using what type of nail?
Typically engine 3/4 finishing nails are usually adequate for holding panels as the ties are giving strength to the forms. As often removing larger nails damages the forms
A single sided form over 2 m 6 ft in height does it require the work to be clarified
Yes inspection required
Do most residential construction drawings include formwork information?
No, did they do show footing and foundations wall size and location. Excavation May reveal the need for a step footing and for needing for taller than expected foundation walls
When would FRP be used to build column forms
Architectural concrete
What is the most common column shape
Rectangle and round
Why are there three sizes for the same normal diameter of fiber tube
Transportation purposes,
When would a steel column form be used?
When there will be many reuses
How can concrete columns finish be improved when using fiber forms
Use a plastic liner
What types of materials are conical column capital form is made from
Metal or FRP
What form requires no banding or column clamps
Round tube
How are columns forms held together
Ties, clamps, banding
how are column forms usually adjusted to the exact required height
Shim the bottom
What are the advantages of having a column form cut to all the same sides
The parts are interchangeable
What are large column forms made of typically?
Wood, FRP and fiber
Before forming a column what should be done
Accurately out must be done that starts with chalk lines on the columns foundations usually measured from grid lines. Kickers or templates are secure to the pads footings from here the column forms are placed either in one pre-assembled piece or formed one side side depending on material.
Still columns forms are often made in
Two halves. Steel forms require cleaning and oily immediately after oil
What are the four components of wall forming
Cheating, studs, ties, walers
Explain how strapped eyes are secured to studs
Nail two studs on alternating sides
Explain how the forces of fresh concrete reach the wall from the tie
Concrete presses against the sheathing, which presses against the studs or walers, transfer to the wedges and then to the tires
What signature should be used for waler and studs when using a single or double Waler form system?
2x4
What’s the maximum spacing of studs in a double Waler system?
Amount of allowable sheathing deflection
What law for me system doesn’t need to be stripped
ICF, insulated concrete forms
Describe a pilasters And stated purpose
Extra support for the column by thickening the wall so it may have like a jog in the wall just for the column.
Describe a corbel and it’s purpose
A corbel, is it winding in the wall creating a ledge for the top. This may be for structural or decorative purposes
Deflection in a foundation form should not exceed
1:270 patience for foundations
Deflection should not move more than exposed concrete walls/ architectural concrete
1:400
You would use a grade beam for a shallow foundation in a?
Cold climate
What is a fully formed footing
Fully formed footings are easier to position and installing drain tile is easier than a trench or partially formed footing. They’re good when you do not require firm soil conditions
