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Anatomy > G2 - Intro To Histology > Flashcards

G2 - Intro To Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What size are cells?

A

10^-6 m or 1 micrometer

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2
Q

What size are organelles?

A

1 nm or 1 angstrom (1x10^-10 m)

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3
Q

What is resolution?

A

The smallest distance at which 2 points can be distinguished from each other

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4
Q

What is the resolution of the human eye?

A

0.2 mm

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5
Q

What is the resolution of a light microscope?

A

0.2 micrometers

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6
Q

What is the resolution of a transmission electron microscope?

A

2-3 nm

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7
Q

How would you prepare tissues for study?

A
  1. Fix tissue using formaldehyde (chemical) or freezing (physical)
  2. Dehydrate tissue
  3. Embed tissue using paraffin or plastic resin
  4. Section tissue into 1-10 micrometer sections
  5. Stain
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8
Q

What stain should be used for acidic cellular components?

A

hematoxylin (blue)

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9
Q

What stain should be used for basophilic substances?

A

Hematoxylin

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10
Q

What stain should be used for nucleic acids?

A

Hematoxylin

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11
Q

What stain should be used for basic cellular components?

A

Eosin

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12
Q

What stain should be used for acidophilic substances?

A

Eosin

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13
Q

What stain should be used for cytoplasm?

A

Eosin

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14
Q

What can you visualize with a hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stain?

A

Cells, nuclei, arrangement

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15
Q

What is euchromatin?

A

Not very condensed chromatin within nucleus

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16
Q

What is heterochromatin?

A

Condensed chromatin within nucleolus

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17
Q

What type of chromatin contains actively transcribed genes?

A

Euchromatin

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18
Q

What type of chromatin contains inactive DNA?

A

Heterochromatin

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19
Q

Which type of chromatin stains darker? Lighter?

A

Heterochromatin, then euchromatin

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20
Q

What are pyknotic nuclei?

A

Darkly stained, condensed, and inactive nuclei

21
Q

2nd X chromosome in females that is always condensed and made of heterochromatin

A

Barr body

22
Q

What does it mean if your cytoplasm stains very blue?

A

Lots of free ribosomes present

23
Q

What does it mean if your cytoplasm stains very pink?

A

Lots of mitochondria

24
Q

How does the Golgi stain?

A

It does not

25
Q

What stain would you use for elastic fibers?

A

Orcein

26
Q

What stain would you use for reticular fibers?

A

Silver stain

27
Q

What stain is used for collagen fibers?

A

Trichrome stains

28
Q

What stain is used for specific antibody-based interactions?

A

Immunocytochemistry

29
Q

What is usually dissolved during specimen prep?

A

Lipids and mucus

30
Q

What is the diameter of a RBC?

A

7-8 micrometers

31
Q

What are artifacts?

A

Non-real findings in imaging (wrinkles in tissue due to prep, empty cells after prep like lipids, etc)

32
Q

ID the different types of stains here.

A

Hematoxylin
Eosin
H&E

33
Q

What do the yellow and blue arrows show?

A

Yellow - euchromatin
Blue - heterochromatin

34
Q

What do the yellow and blue arrows show?

A

Yellow - euchromatin
Blue - heterochromatin

35
Q

What do the upper arrows show? What about the lower ones?

A

Active nuclei made up with mostly euchromatin
Pyknotic nuclei made up of mostly heterochromatin

36
Q

What is the arrow pointing at?

A

Barr body

37
Q

Which arrows show heterochromatin? What about euchromatin?

A

Turquoise - heterochromatin
Magenta - euchromatin

38
Q

What are the arrows pointing at?

A

Mitotic figures

39
Q

What does this image show?

A

Cytoplasmic basophilia

40
Q

What does this image show?

A

Cytoplasmic eosinophilia

41
Q

What does the G show?

A

Negative golgi (don’t stain)

42
Q

What type of structure is shown here and what is used to stain them?

A

Elastic fibers, orcein

43
Q

What type of structure is shown here and what is used to stain them?

A

Reticular fibers, silver stain

44
Q

What type of structure is shown and what is used to stain them?

A

Collagen fibers, trichrome stain

45
Q

What type of structure is shown and what is used to stain them?

A

Antibodies, immunocytochemistry

46
Q

ID the structures that have the black arrows pointing at them.

A

Goblet cells where mucus has dissolved during prep, then goblet cells that have been specifically stained

47
Q

What are the structures with the blue arrows pointing at them?

A

Lipids that have been dissolved during specimen prep, and then stained lipids

48
Q

What are the red arrows pointing at?

A

RBCs

49
Q

What are the black arrows pointing at here?

A

Artifacts

Anatomy (7 decks)

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