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Anatomy > G1 - Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

G1 - Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What does angio stand for?

A

Vessel

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2
Q

What does arth stand for?

A

Joint

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3
Q

What does costa stand for?

A

Ribs

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4
Q

What does cyte/cyto stand for?

A

Cell

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5
Q

What does ecto stand for?

A

Outside

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6
Q

What does hepato stand for?

A

Liver

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7
Q

What does issimus stand for?

A

Greatest

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8
Q

What does myo stand for?

A

Muscle

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9
Q

Vertical plane that divides specimen into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

A

Coronal (frontal) plane

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10
Q

Movements in the coronal plane occur about which axis?

A

Anteroposterior (AP) axis

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11
Q

The horizontal plane that divides a specimen into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

A

Transverse (horizontal, axial) plane

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12
Q

About which axis do movements in the transverse plane occur?

A

Longitudinal

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13
Q

Vertical, midline lane that divides the specimen into equal right and left halves

A

Median (midsagittal) plane

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14
Q

Movements in the median plane occur about which axis?

A

Transverse

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15
Q

Flexion/extension (sit ups) and plantarflexion/dorsiflexion occur about which axis?

A

Median

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16
Q

Internal/external rotation (spinal twists), prolongation/supination, and eversion/inversion occur about which axis?

A

Transverse

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17
Q

Arm curls (flexion/extension) occur about which axis?

A

Transverse

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18
Q

These planes divide a body or structure at an angle

A

Oblique

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19
Q

Def of superficial?

A

Closer to the surface

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20
Q

Def of deep?

A

Farther from the surface

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21
Q

Def of medial?

A

Closer to the median plane

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22
Q

Def of lateral?

A

Farther from the median plane

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23
Q

Def of anterior/ventral?

A

Closer to the front of the body

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24
Q

Def of posterior/dorsal?

A

Closer to the back of the body

25
Q

Def of superior/cranial?

A

Closer to the head

26
Q

Def of inferior/caudal?

A

Closer to the feet or tail

27
Q

Def of proximal?

A

Closer to the point of origin or the trunk

28
Q

Def of distal?

A

Farther from the point of origin or the trunk

29
Q

Def of central?

A

Close to the center

30
Q

Def of peripheral?

A

Away from the center

31
Q

Def of ipsilateral?

A

On same side of body

32
Q

Def of contralateral?

A

On opposite sides of the body

33
Q

Decreasing the angle between body parts (bending)

A

flexion

34
Q

Increasing the angle between body parts (straightening)

A

Extension

35
Q

Moving away from the median plane

A

Abduction

36
Q

Moving toward the median plane

A

Adduction

37
Q

Turning or revolving a body part about its long axis

A

Rotation

38
Q

Brings the anterior surface of a limb closer to the median plane

A

Medial (internal) rotation

39
Q

Brings the anterior surface of the limb away from the median plane

A

Lateral (external) rotation

40
Q

A circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

A

Circumduction (drawing circle in air with fist)

41
Q

Rotation of the hand and forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly

A

Pronation

42
Q

Rotation of the hand and forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly

A

Supination

43
Q

Moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane

A

Inversion

44
Q

Moves the sole of the foot away from the median plane

A

Eversion

45
Q

Extension of the foot at the ankle joint so the sole of the foot faces posteriorly

A

Plantarflexion

46
Q

Flexion of the foot at the ankle joint so that the toes and foot point more superiorly

A

Dorsiflexion

47
Q

Anterior movement of a structure

A

Protraction

48
Q

Posterior movement of a structure

A

Retraction

49
Q

Raises or moves a part superiorly

A

Elevation

50
Q

Lowers or moves a part inferiorly

A

Depression

51
Q

What are the features that humans share with all other vertebrates?

A

Bilateral symmetry
Segmented body plan
Tube-within-a-tube organization

52
Q

What does the human body’s tube-within-a-tube organization look like?

A

Somatic and parietal sections that consist of the “outer” structures (i.e. the body wall and limbs) and visceral and splanchic structures that consist of the “inner” structures (i.e. the organs, vessels, and glands)

53
Q

What is the function of skeletal (striated) muscle?

A

To move the skeleton, maintain posture, support organs, generate heat during contraction, propel venous blood toward the heart during contraction

54
Q

What does a muscle consist of?

A

Muscle fibers, blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue sheaths that surround muscle fibers and connect muscle to bone

55
Q

What is the contractile/fleshy portion of a muscle?

A

Head/belly

56
Q

What do non-contractile tendons do?

A

They attach muscles to bone, cartilage, skin, or fascia

57
Q

What are aponeuroses and what do they do?

A

They are flat connective tissue sheets and attach muscles to bone, cartilage, skin, or fascia

58
Q

What is the function of bone?

A

To provide rigid support to body, protect organs and soft tissues, help with movement via muscle and ligament attachments, store calcium and phosphorus, produce red and white blood cells and platelets from red bone marrow within it

Anatomy (9 decks)

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