G PSY CH 5 & 10 SG Flashcards

1
Q

Sensation

A

Process where sensory organs receive and detect stimuli (provides the brain info from environment)

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2
Q

Transduction…

A

is the first step-sending impulses to brain

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3
Q

Perception

A

Process of organizing and interpreting sensory info (enables us to recognize meaningful objects)

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4
Q

Perception is…

A

Active process and experience based

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5
Q

What is the between sensation and perception?

A

Sensation is a physical process, whereas perception is psychological

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6
Q

Synesthesia

A

Mingling or blending of the senses (cross-activiation in the brain)

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7
Q

Taste (gustation)

A

Papillae house our tastebuds which contain the sensory receptors for taste (allows us to detect five, basic tastes: sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami and maybe oleogustus (taste of fat))

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8
Q

Smell (olfaction)

A

The sensation that results from the detection of odorous substances aerosolized in the environment

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9
Q

Sight (vision)

A

A variety of neurons that detect colors, shapes, and motion, and that create meaningful perceptions out of the incoming stimuli

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10
Q

Hearing (audition)

A

Allows one to identify and recognize objects in the world based on the sound they produce, and this makes communication using sound possible

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11
Q

Touch (tactition)

A

Allows us to receive information about our internal and external environments, making it important for sensory perception

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12
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of sense of smell

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13
Q

Supertasters

A

Person who tastes certain flavors more strongly than others (especially bitter)

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14
Q

Similarity

A

Group like objects together

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15
Q

Figure Ground

A

Figure - object of your attention (ground - background)

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16
Q

Closure

A

Fill in blanks

17
Q

Gestalt

A

Examined how pieces of info integrated into meaningful wholes

18
Q

Motivation

A

Wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal

19
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

The drive to do a behavior because it brings a sense of personal satisfaction

20
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

The drive to do or continue a behavior, because of external reinforcers (promotion, money, awards)

21
Q

Arousal theory

A

We are motivated to seek an optimal level of arousal (anxiety, surprise, excitement, interest, and fear) or engagement in the world (different for everyone)

22
Q

Incentive theory

A

When people behave in a way that they believe will result in a reward in the voice action, that may result in punishment

23
Q

Drive-Reduction Theory (Homeostasis)

A

The tendency for bodies to maintain constant states through internal controls

24
Q

Hierarchy of needs theory

A

Motivation is the result of a person’s attempt at fulfilling five basic needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization.

25
Sensation seeking
Tendency to seek out varied complex, novel and intense experiences (extreme sports)
26
What were the four compliments of sensation seeking?
-thrill and adventure seeking -experience seeking -disinhibition -boredom susceptibility
27
Need for achievement
A drive to reach and attainable and challenging goals, especially in the face of competition
28
Need for power
A drive to control or influence others
29
Mindset research
Believe about yourself and other basic qualities (fixed and growth)
30
Fixed mindset
Belief that basic talents and intelligence are fixed traits
31
Growth mindset
Belief that basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work
32
What are ways to develop mindset?
Praising (personal praise and process praise) and if praises come from teachers or parents
33
What is physiological mechanism of hunger?
Ghrelin, a hormone produced by the stomach, triggers the release of orexin from the hypothalamus, that signals the body