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PEDs Exam 1 > G&D of a Preschool Child > Flashcards

G&D of a Preschool Child Flashcards

1
Q

Each ____ a child gains about 5 pounds.

A

year

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2
Q

Each year a child grows ___ to ___ inches.

A

2 1/2; 3

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3
Q

A child stands _____ with a more slender posture.

A

erect

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4
Q

At what age can a child ride a tricycle? (years)

A

3 years

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5
Q

_________ is the tendency to use either the right or the left hand more naturally than the other, and is established during this age period.

A

Handedness

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6
Q

A child is able to use scissors at what age? (years)

A

4 years

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7
Q

A child is able to tie shoelaces at what age? (years)

A

5 years

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8
Q

A child learns colors and _____ during this age period.

A

shapes

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9
Q

Visual acuity approaches __/__ during this age period.

A

20/20

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10
Q

Thinking is _______ and concrete.

A

egocentric

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11
Q

A child uses sentences of __ to __ words.

A

5 to 8

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12
Q

A child learns ____ identity which leads to curiosity and masturbation.

A

sexual

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13
Q

_______ playmates and fears are common in this age group.

A

imaginary

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14
Q

Aggressiveness is common at what age? (years)

A

4 years

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15
Q

Aggressiveness at 4 years is replaced by more _______ at 5 years.

A

independence

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16
Q

What is Erikson’s Stage of Psychosocial Development for a Preschool Child (3-5yr)?

A

Initiative vs. guilt

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17
Q

At what age do preschool aged children have all 20 primary teeth?

A

3 years

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18
Q

What are some tasks that a preschool age child should be able to achieve?

A
  • runs well
  • hops on one foot
  • walks up and down stairs well
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19
Q

At what age does the most critical period for speech development occur?

A

between 2 and 4 years

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20
Q

what is developmental stuttering?

A

when a preschool age child has frustrating moments when they can’t convey what they want to say

21
Q

what are key factors in communication with a preschooler?

A
  • simple sentences
  • careful with what words you use
  • use play in explaining
  • starting to speak in full sentences
22
Q

What is associative play?

A

group play without group goals- predominant in the preschool period

23
Q

Therapeutic play can provide what for a preschool age child?

A
  • provides an emotional outlet
  • Pre-op teaching
  • help reduce fear
24
Q

At what age is a child able to climb, jump, and skip?

A

4 years old

25
Q

at what age is a child able to skip on alternate feet, TA shoes, and begin cooperative play?

A

5 years

26
Q

what are some toys that can be offered in a hospital setting for a preschool age child?

A
  • coloring books
  • cutting and pasting
  • dolls
  • building blocks
  • clay
  • pretend medical equipment
27
Q

what are the two primary screenings done at a well child visit for a preschooler?

A
  • hemoglobin done between three and five years of age( normal: 11.5 to 14.5 g/dL)
  • lead screening, if not completed at one in two years , or if the child is at risk
28
Q

at what age is a vision screening done?

A

3 years

29
Q

at what age is a hearing test done?

A

4 years

30
Q

what are four important anticipatory teachings for the preschool age child?

A
  • sexual curiosity, anatomic explorations, masturbation is common and normal
  • needs 10 to 13 hours of sleep including naps
  • sleep problems are common because of an active imagination.
  • bed wetting (if they have been dry and now there is bed wetting this can lead to concern of a UTI or a stressor)
31
Q

Limit TV viewing to no more than ___ hour per day in ages two to five years old.

A

1 hour

32
Q

extensive television viewing is associated with _____ problems in preschoolers.

A

sleep

33
Q

turn TV screen off ____ minutes before bed.

A

30 minutes

34
Q

“Tumbling E” or Lea symbol chart is used for ______ screening.

A

vision

35
Q

Amblyopia (lazy eye) needs to be detected and treated before the age of ____ years old.

A

4 years old

36
Q

what are some parenting issues that could occur with the preschool age child?

A
  • balancing the child’s need to develop interdependence and initiative with the need to set limits
  • ignore bad behavior and reward good behavior
  • use of timeouts (typically amount of time based on age 3 years=3 minutes)
37
Q

what are four safety concerns for preschool age child?

A
  • water
  • fire (stop drop and roll)
  • sports safety/helmet
  • car/booster seat safety
38
Q

how can we prevent sexual abuse in a preschool age child?

A
  • teaching children normal, healthy boundaries of their bodies
  • tell someone
  • teach them the proper names of body parts
39
Q

At what age is it recommended to switch a child to skim or 1%r milk?

A

2 years and up

40
Q

For a two to five year old child how many cups of milk is recommended per day?

A

2 to 2 1/2 cups

41
Q

what is the recommended amount of juice for a 4-5 year old?

A

no more than four to six ounces per day

42
Q

when does a child typically start going to the dentist and how often?

A

two years; however, you can take them at six months when they get their first tooth to get them used to the dentist, but not necessarily for a checkup// every six months

43
Q

T/F: Preschool age children still use non-fluoride toothpaste.

A

false, switch to fluoride supplementation

44
Q

what are 4 major fears that preschool children encounter during hospitalization?

A
  • bodily injury
  • being abandoned
  • fear of anything that he/she views as a holistic invasion of his/her body
  • loss of control
45
Q

What are some teaching and interventions about hospitalization and the preschooler?

A
  • follow home routines
  • Guardian close and involved
  • tell child they did not cause the illness
  • except regression and explain to parents
46
Q

what is the normal heart rate for preschool child?

A

80-110

47
Q

what is the normal respiratory rate for a preschool child?

A

22-34

48
Q

what is the normal blood pressure for a preschool child?

A
  • systolic: 82 to 110

- diastolic: 50 to 78

49
Q

concepts of bodily injury for preschoolers is what?

A

they fear intrusive procedures, especially disrupting skin –also body mutilation

PEDs Exam 1 (7 decks)

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