fyz kinematics Flashcards
Mechanics
field of physics -> study about forces, motion and effect of forces on objects
Kinematics
subfield of mechanics that describes motion without considering the force
Also referred as geometry of motion
Mass
Amount of stuff/substance of an object
Weight
Mass × gravitational acceleration
Center of mass
The point that you can consider its whole weight to act through
Reference point
Specific location or object used to determine the position/motion of another object
Frame of reference
Way to observe and measure positions and movements. It acts like a coordinate system, helping us understand where things are and how they move
Rest
Object doesn’t move/doesn’t change its position
Motion
Object is moving/changing position in respect to other objects
Position
The specific point where the object is located, usually described through coordinates
Trajectory
geometric line created by an object’s motion
Distance
Scalar quantity - measures total length of the path travelled by an object
Displacement
Vector quantity - change of the position of the object, distance between initial position and final position
Speed
Scalar - how fast something is moving, regardless of direction
Velocity
Vector - Rate of change of an object’s displacement
Types of velocity (8)
- Uniform - equal displacements in equal time
- Constant - constant speed in a constant direction
- Non-Uniform - unequal displacements in equal time
- Instantaneous - at a certain moment
- Average - total displacement/total time
- Initial - t=0
- Final - maximum velocity
- Angular
Acceleration
Vector - Rate of change of an object’s velocity
Types of acceleration (4)
- Uniform,
- Non-Uniform,
- Average,
- Instantaneous
Retardation/Deceleration/Negative acceleration
Decrease of velocity over time - opposite of acceleration
Centripetal acceleration
Acceleration of an object moving in a circular path( a= v^2/r)
Types of motion (5)
- Rectilinear - straight line
- Circular - circular path -> always accelerated because the change of direction
- Uniform - constant speed
- Non-Uniform - Speed changes over time
- Projectile - affected by gravity - moves horizontally and vertically
