Fungi

Question 1

what are yeasts and how do they reproduce

Answer 1

unicellular, by budding

Question 2

what are molds and how do they reproduce

Answer 2

multicellular, forming spores

Question 3

are fungi aerobes or anaerobes

Answer 3

strict aerobes

Question 4

how do fungi cause disease

Answer 4

by inducing inflammatory response or direct invasion or destruction of tissues

Question 5

what are primary barriers against fungi entry in humans

Answer 5

intact skin and mucosal surfaces

bacterial normal flora also compete with fungi and inhibit growth

Question 6

what is required to eliminate fungal infection

Answer 6

T cell mediated immunity

Question 7

what is the primary mechanism for containing a fungal infection

Answer 7

phagocytosis and killing by neutrophils

Question 8

endemic fungi

Answer 8

1. histoplasmosis
2. blastomycosis
3. coccidiodomycosis

Question 9

opportunistic fungi

Answer 9

1. candidiasis
2. cryptococcosis
3. apergillosis

Question 10

cutaneous fungi

Answer 10

1. dermatophytosis

Question 11

subQ fungi

Answer 11

1. sporotrichosis (rose pickers disease)

Question 12

where is histoplasmosis found

Answer 12

ohio river valley

Question 13

where is blastomycosis found

Answer 13

mississippi and st lawrence river valleys

Question 14

where is coccidiodomycosis found

Answer 14

american southwest

Question 15

are endemic fungi yeasts or molds

Answer 15

they are all dimorphic organ systems involved in histoplasmosis

Question 16

what is the source of histoplasmosis

Answer 16

nitrogenous soil/bird and bat poop

Question 17

organ systems involved in histoplasmosis

Answer 17

lungs, disseminated infections

Question 18

diagnosis of histoplasmosis

Answer 18

presence of intracellular yeast

Question 19

form of blastomycosis

Answer 19

yeast at 37 degrees has thick cell wall

Question 20

organ systems involved with blastomycosis

Answer 20

lungs, skin lesions, granulomas

Question 21

form of coccidiodomycosis

Answer 21

host has spherules and endospores

Question 22

organ systems involved with coccidiodomycosis

Answer 22

lungs, cutaneous, sub Q, meningitis

Question 23

diagnosis of coccidiodomycosis

Answer 23

presence of spherules in tissue diagnostic

Question 24

candidiasis form

Answer 24

EXCEPTION

yeast in environment, mold in vivo

Question 25

cryptococcosis form

Answer 25

yeast is polysasccharide capsule in host

Question 26

organ systems involved in cryptococcosis

Answer 26

asymptomatic in lungs, meningitis is severe

Question 27

dermatophytosis form

Answer 27

only mold

Question 28

organ systems involved in dermatophytosis

Answer 28

restricted to keratinized tissues