Fungi Flashcards
Ectosymbiosis
When one organism lives on the surface of another organism
Endosymbiosis
When one organism lives within the tissue of another organism
Mutualism
A relationship that is beneficial to both organism involved.
How do fungi get energy and nutrition?
They are heterotrophic - through absorption.
Give an example of mutualism
E.Coli in the human intestine
E Coli receive food.shelter : Humans receive vitamins
Commensalism
A relationship that benefits one organism and does not affect the other.
An example of commensalism
Barnacles on the surface of whale
Barnacles eat food filtered by the wale : Whale no effect
Parasitism
A relationship that benefits one organism and harms the other
Examples of parasitism
Malaria, tetanus, mistletoe on hot trees.
What are 3 things in the Kingdom, fungi
- mushrooms
- yeast (single celled fungi)
- mould
What is a role of fungi
- essential to terrestrial ecosystems
- recycles and breaks down organic materal into soil
How do fungi feed.
method of absorption - they are heterotrophs
How do they break down food?
They release enzymes into the environment around them and it breaks down the complex molecules into smaller organic compounds.
What is the name of a mushroom’s spore producing reproductive structure?
Fruiting body
What are the 3 different fungi lifestyles?
Decomposers, Parasite, and mutualist
Define the Decomposer fungi lifestyle.
break down waste material dead/dying organisms
Define the parasite fungi lifestyle.
invade a host and receive nutrients while harming the host
Define the mutualism fungi lifestyle
form a relationship with another organism that benefits both organisms
What are the most common body structures?
multicellular filaments and single cells called yeasts
Mycelia
networks of branches of hyphae adapted for absorption
what do most fungi have wall made out of?
chitin
Haustoria
unique fungal specialized hyphae that allows these fungi to penetrate the tissues of their host
Mycorrhizae
mutually beneficial relationships between fungi and plant roots
Ectomycorrhizal fungi
form sheaths of hyphae over a root and grow into the extracellular spaces of the root
How to fungi reproduce?
They reproduce sexually and asexually
