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Science 2 Term 1 > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

name three fungi

A

mould, mushrooms, yeast

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2
Q

Are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?

A

heterotrophs

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3
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

organisms that take in nutrients from other sources

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4
Q

What are mould and mushroom’s bodies composed of?

A

Mycelium

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5
Q

What does mycelium contain?

A

Hyphae

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6
Q

What does hyphae act as?

A

roots

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7
Q

What do hyphae do?

A

they attach to the food source and take its nutrients

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8
Q

What is the biggest organism ever discovered?

A

Mushrooms

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9
Q

How does fungi live?

A

by decomposing plant remains and taking up their nutrients

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10
Q

what are decomposers?

A

organisms that break down other organisms to live

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11
Q

What is at the end of the mycelium?

A

Sporangia

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12
Q

What does a sporangia contain?

A

spores

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13
Q

What are the spores distributed by?

A

the wind, and start to grow new mycelium

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14
Q

How does mould reproduce?

A

similarly, but moulds make spores directly from the mycelium

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15
Q

how does yeast reproduce?

A

by budding

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16
Q

What is budding?

A

A section of the cell swelling up and a new cell is made from there

17
Q

How do fungi extract nutrients efficiently?

A

By breaking down (decaying) their damp surrounding

18
Q

name two diseases in humans caused by fungi

A

athlete’s foot, ringworm

19
Q

What is fermentation?

A

the breakdown of sugars into acetic acid & alcohol

20
Q

What type of respiration do humans do?

A

aerobic respiration

21
Q

What does aerobic respiration require?

A

oxygen

22
Q

What type of respiration does yeast do?

A

anaerobic respiration

23
Q

What is yeast fed?

A

malt (a carbohydrate)

24
Q

What is malt made from?

A

wheat/ barley

25
Q

What does yeast convert wheat and barley into?

A

ethanol & CO2

26
Q

What does ethanol do to beer?

A

makes it alcoholic

27
Q

What does CO2 do to beer?

A

make it fizzy

28
Q

What is used to make 甘酒, instead of wheat and barley?

A

rice

29
Q

What fungi is used to produce penicillin?

A

Penicillium

30
Q

What is penicillin?

A

An antibiotic

31
Q

What is penicillin used for?

A

to treat and cure many types of bacterial infections

Science 2 Term 1 (8 decks)

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