_Protists, prokaryotes, eukaryotes Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

is algae unicellular or multicellular?

A

They’re a diverse group, they can be either

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2
Q

What is an algae’s body like?

A

they lack a well-defined body so structures like roots, stems and leaves are absent

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3
Q

How does algae reproduce?

A

can reproduce sexually and asexually

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4
Q

What is algae?

A

They’re photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms

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5
Q

What are 3 examples of algae?

A

chlamydomonas, volvox, spirulina

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6
Q

is algae harmful?

A

no, but certain species can form algal blooms (too much algae in one place) and be detrimental to health and environment

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7
Q

What can algae be used for?

A

can photosynthesize - produce oxygen
fertiliser, biofuel, food colour

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8
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

animal, plant, fungal, protist cells

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9
Q

What does a eukaryotic cell contain?

A

a nucleus and cell organelles
cell functions compartmentalised (separated) into different ogranelles

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10
Q

What is the size and complexity of an eukaryotic cell like?

A

large and complex

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11
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

bacteria and archaea

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12
Q

What does a prokaryotic cell contain?

A

no nucleus or organelles (little compartmentalisation)

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13
Q

What is the size and complexity of a prokaryotic cell like?

A

small and simple

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14
Q

what does bacteria act as?

A

decomposer, make humans sick, make food

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15
Q

Where does bacteria live in our body?

A

gut and skin

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16
Q

What does bacteria in our gut do?

A

helps digest food

17
Q

What does bacteria on our skin do?

A

Protects us from harmful bacterial infections

18
Q

What is cyanobacteria?

A

They’re special because they can perform photosynthesis

19
Q

What is photosynthetic bacteria the precursor to?

A

modern-day chloroplast organelles

20
Q

(Prokaryote vs Eukaryote)
which has a nucleus?

21
Q

(Prokaryote vs Eukaryote)
which has membrane-bound organelles?

22
Q

Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

23
Q

Are eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

A

mostly multicellular, some unicellular

24
Q

What’s the DNA form of a prokaryote?

25
What's the DNA of a eukaryote?
linear
26
what are protists?
single-celled eukaryotic organisms that don't fit animal, plant, or fungal kingdoms
27
What are protists ancestors of?
modern animals, plants, fungi
28
What do protists contain?
special organelles
29
What is cilia?
small hair like structures
30
What does cilia do?
Allows the cells to move through water
31
What does the cytostome do?
it functions like a mouth
32
What does the phagosome do?
it functions like a stomach
33
What does the contractile vacuole do?
it helps pump extra water out of the cell
34
How do protists reproduce?
through asexual reproduction through cell division can also reproduce sexually for more genetic variation
35
name members of the kingdom protista
diverse eukaryotes (algae, protozoa)
36
are protists unicellular or multicellular
most are unicellular, but algae tend to be multicellular
37
Can protists move?
yes, using flagella, cilia, and footlike extensions
38
What are some protists considered the ancestors of?
multicellular plants, animals, fungi
39
Why was the kingdom protista developed?
to accommodate intermediate organisms that possessed some plant/animal characteristics, but not the specialised features